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Electrical Science > Atomic Theory > Flashcards

Atomic Theory Flashcards

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1
Q

What three things does the basic atom consist of?

A

Protons, neutrons in the nucleus and electrons that orbit the nucleus

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2
Q

What model shows the electrons orbiting the nucleus ?

A

Bohrs model

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3
Q

What charge does a proton have?

A

Positive and weight

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4
Q

Neutrons have what charge?

A

No charge but have weight

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5
Q

Electrons have what charge?

A

Have a negative charge and negligible weight

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6
Q

What is shell furthest from the nucleus called?

A

Valence Shell- can hold maximum of eight electrons

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7
Q

What are the valence electrons key to?

A

Whether it can or cannot conduct electrical current

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8
Q

What five states does matter exist in?

A 
Bose-einstein condensates
Solid
Liquid
Has
Plasma
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9
Q

What are three classifications of matter

A

Conductor
Semi-conductor
Insulator

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10
Q

What can the valence electron do?

A

Easily break free to combine with neighbouring atom

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11
Q

How many electrons do conductors have in the atoms orbit?

A

3 or less

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12
Q

How does the movement of electrical charge work?

A

When the protons equals the number of electrons

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13
Q

Like charges do what?

A

Repel

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14
Q

Unlike charges do what?

A

Attract

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15
Q

External forces can cause the valence electron to break away leaving it positively charged, this atom is now what?

A

Positive ion

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16
Q

Free electron may join the valence electron electron to balance another atom, this is called?

A

A negative ion

17
Q

What do electrons flow from and to?

A

From a surplus (-) charged ion to a deficient (+) charged ion , if they have a voltage behind them

18
Q

What is electron flow ?

A

Random movement = no electron flow or no electric current flow

19
Q

What is the minimum values for DC and AC volts?

A

DC - 120 volts

AC- 50 volts

20
Q

How many Atoms can the valence hold in insulators?

A

Maximum of 8 electrons , generally more than 4 electrons

21
Q

What are covalent bonds?

A

Each atom gives one of its outer electrons to the electron pair, then spends some time with each atom

22
Q

What is the insulation breakdown effect ?

A

When enough pressure and voltage is applied to conduct electricity in insulators

23
Q

What are semi conductors ?

A

Contain exactly 4 electrons in the atoms outer orbit

24
Q

3 effects of electrical current

A

Heating
Magnetic
Chemical

25
Q

What is the heating of electrical current ?

A

When electrical current is passed through a metallic causing it to become heated

Electrical Science (9 decks)

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