atomic structure & periodic table Flashcards
what does the nucleus contain?
protons and neutrons
What type of charge do neutrons have
No charge (they are neutral)
What type of charge do protons have?
Positive charge
What is the overall charge of the nucleus
Positive
What is it called if an atom has gained or lost an electron
An ion
If an atom gains an electron what charge does it have
Negative charge
If an atom loses an electron what charge does the ion have
Positive charge
What is the number of protons in an element
Atomic number
What is the number of electrons in an element
Number of protons
What is the number of neutrons
Mass number - number of protons
What is the mass number
Number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
What do periods represent
Number of electron shells
What are elements in Group 0 known as
Noble gases - unreactive
What are the elements called in Group 7
Halogens meaning they bond quickly
What happens to an electron energy shell when it becomes full
It goes into the next energy shell away from the nucleus
What does the electronic structure tell you
The arrangement of the electrons around the nucleus in energy shells
What is the formula for ammonia
NH3
What does the number of shells tell you
What period it is in
What are protons and electrons
The same number
If you add the number of protons and neutrons what atom does it tell you
The mass number
What does Group 0 / 8 tell you in an element
The full outer shell
What do isotopes tell you
They have different number of neutrons but same number of protons
What is Flourine
A gas at room temperature
What colour is flourine
A pale yellow gas
What colour is chlorine
Yellow/apple green gas
What colour is Bromine
Red/brown liquid
What colour is iodine
Shiny purple liquid solid
What colour is lithium
Red
What coloured flame is Sodium
Yellow/orange flame
What coloured flame is potassium
Lilac flame
How do you identify number of electron shells
They represent each period
What is the number of electrons the same as
The number of protons
How do you find the number of neutrons
Mass number - number of protons
What is the number of protons
The atomic number
What is the atomic number
The bottom one
What’s the mass number
Number of protons and neutrons
How do you find the electronic structure
Use the atomic number
What happens to group 7 elements down the group
They become less reactive
What’s the electronic structure
Circle and draw on the electrons of the energy shell
What’s the electronic configuration
2,8,8 etc
