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Chemistry > Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table > Flashcards

Atomic Structure and The Periodic Table Flashcards

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1
Q

All substances are made up of ______.

A

Atoms

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2
Q

An atom is the smallest part of an _____.

A

Element

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3
Q

What is an element?

A

A substance that contains only one type of atom.

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4
Q

How many elements are there?

A

118

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5
Q

Atoms of each element are represented by ________ ________.

A

Chemical symbols e.g. sodium - Na

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6
Q

What does a compound contain?

A

Two or more elements, which are chemically combined in fixed proportions.

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7
Q

What are compounds represented in?

A

A chemical formula

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8
Q

How are compounds separated?

A

Through chemical reactions or electrolysis

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9
Q

Chemical reactions can be summed up through a _____ _______ or balanced _______ _________.

A

Word equation or balanced symbol equation

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10
Q

What are reactants?

A

The substances that react

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11
Q

What are products?

A

The new substances that are formed

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12
Q

The mass of both are ______.

A

Equal

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13
Q

They both contain the same _____.

A

Atoms

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14
Q

What do mixtures consist of?

A

2 or more elements or compounds which are not chemically combined

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15
Q

The components of a mixture retain their own _________.

A

Properties

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16
Q

Mixtures can be separated by ______ __________.

A

Physical processes

17
Q

What is filtration used to separate?

A

Soluble solids from insoluble solids

18
Q

What is crystallisation used to obtain?

A

A soluble solid from a solution

19
Q

What is simple distillation used to obtain?

A

A solvent from a solution

20
Q

What is fractional distillation used to separate?

A

Mixtures in which the components have different boiling points

21
Q

What is chromatography used to separate?

A

Different soluble, coloured components of a mixture

22
Q

What is ionic bonding?

A

The gaining or losing of electrons

23
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

The sharing of electrons

24
Q

What is metallic bonding?

A

an attraction between positive ions and de-localised negatively charged electrons

25
Q

What is an ion?

A

Atoms that have gained or lost electrons and now have a charge

26
Q

RFM?

A

Relative formula mass - the sum of all the RAM’s of the atoms present in a reaction

27
Q

RAM?

A

The biggest number

28
Q

What are the masses of all subatomic particles?

A

Neutron - 1
Proton - 1
electron - 1/2000

29
Q

What are the charges of all subatomic particles?

A

Neutron - 0
Proton - (+1)
Electron - (-1)

30
Q

Percentage yield equation:

A

(yield from reaction/maximum theoretical yield) x 100

Chemistry (5 decks)

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