Atomic structure and periodic table

Question 1

Why do atoms have no overall charge (1)

Answer 1

It is because atoms contain an equal amount of protons and electrons.

Question 2

When a metal reacts with a non metal which one gains and loses electrons (2)

Answer 2

The metal lose electrons to become a positive ion
The non metal gains electrons to become a negative ion.

Question 3

Atomic number (1)

Answer 3

Sum of protons

Question 4

Atomic mass (1)

Answer 4

Protons + neutrons

Question 5

Why are group 0 elements very unreactive (1)

Answer 5

They are very unreactive because they have a full outer shell of electrons and they do not need anymore.

Question 6

What happens to noble gasses boiling points as you go down the group (1)

Answer 6

The BP increases.

Question 7

Why do group 1 elements become more reactive each element further down (2)

Answer 7

This is because the outer singular electron on the furthest electron shell is furthest from the nucleus and can be lost a lot easier.

Question 8

Do group 1 elements have a higher or lower BP as you go down the group (1)

Answer 8

Lower BP as you go down the group

Question 9

When alkali metals react with water what is created (1)

Answer 9

metal hydroxide + hydrogen(g)

Question 10

What happens when a alkali metal reacts with a non metal (1)

Answer 10

It becomes a (+1) ion

Question 11

chlorine + potassium bromide —> (1)

Answer 11

Potassium chloride + bromine

Question 12

In terms of electrons ionic bonding does what (2)

Answer 12

The metal loses electrons too become a positively charged ion, and the non-metal gains electrons to become a negatively charged ion.

Question 13

What strong force holds the ionic bond together and between which moles (2)

Answer 13

Is a strong electrostatic force of attraction between the positive metal ion and the negative non-metal ion.

Question 14

Properties of ionic compounds (3)

Answer 14

They are giant structures of ions
They are held together by strong electrostatic forces that act in all directions between oppositely charged ions and are held together by strong ionic bonds.

Question 15

“IBring Clay For Our New House” this mnemonic means what

Answer 15

A list of all the non metal molecules that exist of two atoms joined up together

Iodine, i2
Bromine, Br2
Chlorine, Cl2
Fluorine, F2
Oxygen, O2
Nitrogen, N2
Hydrogen, H2

Question 16

Chemical formulae for nitrogen

Answer 16

N2

Question 17

How can a formula of an iconic compound be predicted

Answer 17

Using the formula of its ions. The numbers of the ions in a formula must give an equal number of positive and negative charges.

Question 18

What is an iconic compound

Answer 18

An iconic compound occurs when a negative ion joins with a positive ion

Question 19

What is filtration used for

Answer 19

Used to separate an insoluble solid/excess reactant from a liquid.

Question 20

Formulae for sulfuric acid

Answer 20

H2SO4

Question 21

Hydrochloric acid

Answer 21

HCl

Question 22

Ammonia

Answer 22

NH3

Question 23

Plum pudding model

Answer 23

Cloud of positive charge
Electrons dotted throughout

Question 24

Who discovered the electron and created the plum pudding model

Answer 24

JJ thomson

Question 25

John Dalton

Answer 25

Published his ideas that he thought that all matter was made of tiny particles called atoms. Which he imagined as tiny spheres that could be not be divided

Question 26

Rutherford experiment to test the plum pudding model

Answer 26

He fired alpha particles at thin gold foil Most went straight through but a few were scattered in different directions

Question 27

Bohr's caculations led him to find out

Answer 27

That electrons orbit the nucleus in shells. The shells are at certain distances from the nucleus.

Question 28

Chadwick found evidence of what

Answer 28

In 1932 james found evidence for the existence of particles in the nucleus with mass but no charge. These particles are called neutrons

Question 29

Radius of an atom is around

Answer 29

0.1 nanometers

Question 30

What physical properties do transition metals share with other elemental metals

Answer 30

They conduct electricity in the solid and liquid states They are shiny when freshly cut

Question 31

What properties do transition metals mostly have against group 1 metals Give 2

Answer 31

- Higher melting points -Higher densities -Greater strength -greater hardness -Not as reactive with oxygen or water

Question 32

Chromium properties compared to group one

Answer 32

lustrous, brittle, hard meta

Question 33

manganese properties compared to group one

Answer 33

hard and very brittle, difficult to fuse, but easy to oxidise

Question 34

iron properties compared to group one

Answer 34

good conductor, rusts easily in air, strong, ductile malleable

Question 35

cobalt properties compared to group one

Answer 35

brittle, hard, high melting point

Question 36

nickel properties compared to group one

Answer 36

hard, malleable, and ductile, fairly good conductor of heat and electricity

Question 37

nickel properties compared to group one

Answer 37

hard, malleable, and ductile, fairly good conductor of heat and electricity

Question 38

copper properties compared to group one

Answer 38

highly ductile and conductive. malleable and soft

Question 39

Group 1 alkali metals properties

Answer 39

Soft metals can be cut with knife Relatively low melting points Low density React very rapidly with oxygen chlorine and water

Question 40

Transition elements form colored compounds

Answer 40

Remember this keep going do 25 more

Question 41

Transition metals can be used as catalysts true/false