Atomic Structure Flashcards
What is the Particle Theory of Matter?
The idea that all matter is made up of small particles
What is the arrangement of particles in a solid?
A regular pattern
What is the relative distance of particles in a solid?
Very close/tightly packed
What is the movement of particles in a solid?
Particles vibrate around a fixed point
What is the arrangement of particles in a liquid?
Random
What is the arrangement of particles in a gas?
Random
What is the relative distance of particles in a liquid?
Close
What is the relative distance of particles in a gas?
Far away from each other
Describe the movement of particles in a liquid
They move around each other
Describe the movement of particles in a gas
They move quickly in all directions
When particles are given more energy, how does their movement change?
They move quicker
What is the point that a solid changes into a liquid?
The melting point
What is the point in which liquid become a gas?
The boiling point
Describe the temperature when a substance changes state
Constant
Do bonds require energy to be broken?
Yes
Do bonds release energy when made?
Yes
Give 3 limitations of the particle model
It doesn’t take into account:
- size of particles
- forces of attraction
- space between particles
Can a gas be compressed? (How much if so?)
Yes - a lot
Can a liquid be compressed? (How much if so?)
No
Can a solid be compressed? (How much if so?)
No
What happens to the forces of attraction when a solid becomes a liquid?
Some of them are overcome
What happens to the forces of attraction when a liquid becomes a gas?
All of them are overcome
Do bonds break when substances change state
NO, only the forces of attraction are overcome
What kind of temperatures are needed for bonds to break?
Very high
What is an atom?
The smallest part of an element that retains the properties of that element
What is the radius of an average atom?
- 10
1 m
What is the mass of an average atom?
-23
10 g