Atomic Structure

Question 1

What were the five points to Dalton’s model of the atom?

Answer 1

1. all matter composed of tiny indivisible particles called atoms
2. atoms cannot be created or destroyed
3. atoms of the same element are alike in every way
4. atoms of different elements are different
5. atoms can combine together in small numbers to form molecules

Question 2

compound

Answer 2

substance made by chemically combining two or more elements

Question 3

Describe the actual model of the atom

Answer 3

1. made up of sub-atomic particles
2. nucleus contains protons and neutrons
3. electrons occupy space outside nucleus

Question 4

Why is atomic number important?

Answer 4

defining property of element

Question 5

mass number

Answer 5

number of protons and neutrons

Question 6

atomic number

Answer 6

number of protons

Question 7

isotope

Answer 7

atoms of same element with different numbers of neutrons

Question 8

ion

Answer 8

atom which has gained or lost electrons

Question 9

How do isotopes differ from original atom?

Answer 9

heavier isotopes diffuse more slowly

Question 10

empirical formula

Answer 10

simplest whole-number ratio of elements in compound

Question 11

hydrated salt

Answer 11

compounds that contain fixed ratio of water molecules

Question 12

water of crystallization

Answer 12

water within crystalline structure of compound

Question 13

molecular formula

Answer 13

shows all atoms present in a molecule

Question 14

How do you calculate molecular formula?

Answer 14

X(mass of empirical formula) = molar mass