Atomic Structure

Question 1

Definition of an Atom

Answer 1

An atom is the smallest part of an element

Question 2

Atomic Number

Answer 2

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 3

Mass Number

Answer 3

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 4

Isotopes

Answer 4

Atoms which have the same atomic number but a different mass number and contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

Question 5

First Ionisation Energy

Answer 5

Defined as the energy required to convert one mole of gaseous atoms into gaseous ions with a single positive charge

Question 6

Second Ionisation Energy

Answer 6

Defined as the energy required to convert one mole of gaseous ions with a single positive charge into gaseous ions with a double positive charge

Question 7

Third Ionisation Energy

Answer 7

Defined as the energy required to convert one mole of gaseous ions with a double positive charge into gaseous ions with a triple positive charge

Question 8

The four types of subshells

Answer 8

s p d f

Question 9

What are Orbitals

Answer 9

An orbital is a region within an atom that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

Question 10

Summary of IE Trends

Answer 10

IE decreases as a group is descended
IE increases across a period from left to right
IE jumps notably as a nee shell is entered