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Meteorology > Atmospheric Stability > Flashcards

Atmospheric Stability Flashcards

1
Q

As the temperature of the air increases, it’s density decreases and, if it is surrounded by colder dense air, it will rise.
True or False?

A

True.

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2
Q

The temperature of air rises when it is squeezed or compressed. True or False?

A

True.

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3
Q

What is Adiabatic cooling?

A

The temperature of Air rises when it is squeezed or compressed.

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4
Q

The temperature of Air decreases as it expands.

True or False?

A

True.

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5
Q

During such changes in temperature, no heat is transferred from one part of the atmosphere to another because the air is a poor conductor.
True or False?

A

True.

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6
Q

We may consider the the air that is undergoing the Adiabatic temperature change to be a parcel acting independently from the surrounding atmosphere.

A

True.

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7
Q

What is Lapse rate?

A

A change of temperature with height

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8
Q

What is Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate (DALR)?

A

The change of temperature with height due solely to Adiabatic expansion or compression of a parcel of unsaturated (Dry) air.

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9
Q

What is the DALR?

A

3 degrees per 1,000ft

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10
Q

What is Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate (SALR)?

A

When water vapour in the atmosphere condense, a change of state occurs and laten heat is released.

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11
Q

What is the SALR

A

1.5 degrees per 1,000ft

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12
Q

It is important to remember that amount of water vapour required to cause saturation and condensation decreases as the temperature is lowered.

A

True

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13
Q

What is Environment Adiabatic Lapse Rate (ELR)?

A

The change of temperature with height that actually exists at a particular time within the atmosphere

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14
Q

What is the ISA Lapse Rate?

A

1.98 degrees per 1,000ft

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15
Q

Air is said to be_________ if it rises.

A

Unstable

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16
Q

When is Air said to be stable?

A

If the air is not rising

17
Q

Absolute stability is when the ______ is less than both the _______ and _______

A

ELR

SALR and DALR

18
Q

When does conditional stability exist?

A

When the ELR lies between the DALR and SALR.

19
Q

What is absolute instability?

A

When the ELR is greater than the SALR and DALR

20
Q

What other factors can cause the air to rise?

A

F rontal
O rographic
C onvergence (depression/thermal)
T urbulence

21
Q

What is a front?

A

The boundary between two large areas of air which are different temperatures.

22
Q

What is frontal lifting?

A

When cold air replaces warm air by undercutting it (because cold air is denser), forcing the warm air to rise.

23
Q

What is orographic lifting?

A

Prominent geographical features (Mountains) cause Air to rise as it attempts to pass over the mountains.

24
Q

Stable air effected by orographic lifting will…

A

Descend Lee side

25
Q

Unstable air affected by orographic lifting will.

A

Continue to rise

26
Q

Convergence depression causes what type of movement in the atmosphere?

A

Vertical

27
Q

Where relatively low pressure exists at the surface of a depression Air will tend to move in from all directions to equalise the pressure. The accumulation of air is called a convergence

A

True.

28
Q

A surface is heated, as it warms the air in contact with it. Hearing of different surfaces causes unequal temperature rise, producing a local convection current. As Air rises the pressure drops at the ground and air converges to equalise.

A

True

29
Q

What is thermal turbulence?

A

Turbulence produced by unequal surface heating.

30
Q

What is Mechanical turbulence?

A

a result of friction between the air and rough surface.

31
Q

The intensity of mechanical turbulence depends in which 3 factors?

A

1) Strength of surface wind
2) Stability or Air
3) nature of the ground

Meteorology (17 decks)

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