Atmospheric pollution - acid precipitation Flashcards
1
Q
Gases that cause acid rain
A
NOX’s
Small amounts in fossil fuels (coal)
2
Q
Direct effects on non-living materials
A
- chemical weathering
- corrosion of metals
- ocean acidification
3
Q
Direct effects on living organisms
A
- plant damage
- CaCO3 structures impacted
- ocean acidification
4
Q
In-direct effects on living organisms
A
- acid conditions - mobilize metals
- metals may end up concentrated in other places
5
Q
How does natural gas desulphurisation reduce acid rain
A
- sulphur present in hydrogen sulphide
- reacting it with an amine solution
6
Q
How does crude oil desulphurisation reduce acid rain
A
- fractional distillation
- molybdenum catalyst
7
Q
How does coal desulphurisation reduce acid rain
A
- iron pyrite (sulphur in coal) is denser than remaining coal
- pulverize coal - can sort it by density
8
Q
How does dry flue - gas desulphurisation reduce acid rain
A
- past through a bed of crushed limestone
- sulphur dioxide reacts with CaCO3 and produces calcium sulphate
9
Q
How does wet flue - gas desulphurisation reduce acid rain
A
- bubbling emissions through a liquid
- use sodium sulphite
- to create sodium hydrogen sulphite
10
Q
How does low temperature combustion reduce NOX’s
A
- reduce temp in engines - ^ SA for combustion
- reduces bonds breaking
11
Q
How do catalytic converters reduce NOX’s
A
- contain rare metals
- breaks NOX molecules
12
Q
How do urea sprays reduce NOX’s
A
- pass gas through urea which neutralizes the NOX’s
