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Mother-Infant > ATI: Infections > Flashcards

ATI: Infections Flashcards

1
Q

How is HIV transmitted to the neonate?

A
  • Through the placenta
  • Through breastmilk (postpartum)
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2
Q

What is goal for nursing care with HIV patients?

A

To keep the CD4 cell count greater than 500

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3
Q

When can an expectant mother who has HIV need to deliver through c-section?

What weeks?

A

When her viral load is more than 1,000 copies/mL at 38 weeks

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4
Q

When can an expectant mother who has HIV delivery vaginally?

A

If the viral load is less than 1,000 copies/mL at 36 weeks

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5
Q

When would you bathe a newborn who was delivery by a mother who has HIV?

A

Right after delivery

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6
Q

Is HIV a reportable disease?

A

Yes

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7
Q

How is toxoplasmosis acquired?

A
  • Through undercooked meats
  • Touching cat feces
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8
Q

How is german measles acquired?

A

Contracted through children who have rashes or if the mother had rubella through pregnancy

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9
Q

How is cytomegalovirus transmitted?

A

Through droplet infection person to person and through fluids like semen, cervical and vaginal secretions

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10
Q

When HSV transmission greatest risk for the neonate?

A

If the mother has active lesions and she gives birth through the vagina

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11
Q

Can we give rubella to pregnant women?

A

No because this can cause an infection in the fetus

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12
Q

When is the best time to give rubella vaccine to a pregnant woman?

A

Postpartum

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13
Q

What other education can nurses give to women who get the rubella vaccine postpartum?

A

Women should not get pregnant within 28 days (4 weeks) of getting the vaccine

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14
Q

Client education for preventing toxoplasmosis

A
  • Wash hands
  • Cook meat thoroughly
  • Avoid cat litter
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15
Q

Client education for preventing cytomegalovirus

A
  • Wash hands especially after handling toys or other children
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16
Q

How can GBS affect the baby?

A
  • Sepsis
  • Meningitis
  • Pneumonia
  • RDS
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17
Q

What are some risk factors for GBS?

A
  • Prolonged ROM (more than 18 hours)
  • Preterm delivery
  • Use of intrauterine fetal monitoring
  • Positive GBS culture in current pregnancy
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18
Q

When are GBS swabs/screening done during pregnancy?

A

Done during 35-38 weeks

19
Q

What is the nursing care for GBS in a client who has tested positive?

What is the med?

A
  • Prophylaxis intrapartum antibiotic

Penicillin

20
Q

Most common reported STI in women?

A

Chlamydia

21
Q

What if chlamydia is left untreated?

A

This can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and can cause ectopic pregnancy or infertility

22
Q

When is chlamydia screened for pregnant women?

A

Done at the first prenatal clinic

23
Q

What can happen if chlamydia is not treated during pregnancy and the baby is delivered vaginally?

A

The newborn can acquire conjuctivitis

24
Q

At what week should clients who are pregnant and were treated for chlamydia be re-tested?

A

At 3 weeks

25
Q

Name some signs/symptoms for chlamydia in women

A
  • Urinary frequency
  • Dysuria
  • White-gray discharge
  • Postcoital bleeding
  • Vulvar pruriutus
26
Q

What medication is contraindicated during pregnancy and is used to treat chlamydia

A

Doxycycline

27
Q

What alternative to doxycycline is used to treat chlamydia in pregnant women?

A

Azithromycin or amoxicillin

28
Q

What med do we give ALL newborns after pregnancy to protect from opthalmia neonatorum?

A

Erythromycin ointment

29
Q

Along with HIV, is chlamydia a reportable disease to the CDC?

A

Yes

30
Q

What are some signs and symptoms of gonorrheal infection in women?

A
  • Dysuria
  • Dysmenorrhea
  • Yellow-green vaginal discharge

Think: Green = Gonorrhea

31
Q

Gonorrheal infections in newborns can lead to what?

A

Opthalmia neonatorum

32
Q

What syphilis stage do we expect to see chancres?

A

Stage 1

33
Q

What syphilis stage do we expect to see maculopapular rashes?

A

Stage 2

34
Q

What syphilis stage do we expect to see organ damage?

A

Stage 2

35
Q

How can we treat syphilis?

A

With penicillin G

36
Q

Which STI is responsible for warts (condyloma acuminata) and risk to cervical cancer?

A

HPV (Human papilloma virus)

37
Q

Best prevention for HPV is what?

A

Vaccination against HPV

38
Q

A patient presents w/ yellow-green frothy vaginal discharge that is malodorous, what STI do you suspect she may have?

A

Trichomoniasis

39
Q

Strawberry spots on the cervix (petichae) are indicitative of which STI?

A

Trichomoniasis

40
Q

Medication to treat trichomoniasis?

A

Metronidazole or tinidazole

41
Q

Client education while taking metronidazole/tinidazole?

A

Avoid ETOH

42
Q

How can we diagnose bacterial vaginosis?

A

Saline and potassium hydroxide wet smear

43
Q

At what pH level would be indicatiev of bacterial vaginosis?

A

a pH of 4.5 or greater

44
Q

What infection, if left untreated, can cause the neonate oral thrush?

A

Candidiasis

Mother-Infant (15 decks)

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