ATI Chapter 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Systems Thinking theory
A
- studies how an individual or unit interacts w/ other organizations or systems
- useful in examining cause and effect
2
Q
Upstream thinking theory
A
- used to focus on interventions that promote health or prevent illness, as opposed to medical tx models that focus on care after an individual becomes ill
3
Q
Nightingale’s Environmental Theory
A
- relationship b/w indiv’s env and health
- depicts health as a continuum
- emphasizes preventative care
4
Q
determinants of health
A
- factors that influence a client’s health
- can include nutrition, stress, education, environment, finanaces, and social status/stigma (prejudice)
5
Q
health indicators
A
- ie mortality rates, dz prevalence, levels of physical activity, obesity, tobacco or other substance abuse
- describe the health status of a community and serves as targets for improvement of community’s health
6
Q
define community
A
- group of ppl and institutions that share geographic, civic, and/or social parameters
- vary in characteristics and health needs
- community health nursing involves a synthesis of nursing and public health theory
7
Q
public health nursing
A
- population focused
- involves a combination of nursing knowledge along w/ social and public health science
- goal: promoting health and preventing dz
- one service it provides is to conduct research to gain new knowledge and solutions to public health problems
8
Q
3 core functions of public health nursing
A
- assessment
- policy development
- assurance
9
Q
explain assessment as a core function of public health nursing
A
- using systematic methods to monitor the health of a population
- monitor health status to identify community health problems
- dx and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community
10
Q
explain policy development as a core function of public health nursing
A
- developing laws and practices to promote the health of a population based on scientific evidence
- inform, educate, and empower ppl about health issues
- mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
- develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts
11
Q
explain assurance as a core function of public health nursing
A
- making sure adequate health care personnel and services are accessible, esp to those who might not normally have them
- enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety
- link ppl to needed personal health services and ensure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable
- ensure a competent publichealth and personal health care workforce
- evaluate effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population based services
12
Q
population focused nursing
A
- includes assessing to determine needs, intervening to protect and promote health, and preventing dz w/in a specific population
13
Q
principles of public health nursing
A
- emphasizes primary prevention
- work to achieve the greatest good for the largest number of individuals
- recognize the client is the partner
- use resources wisely to promote best outcomes
14
Q
primary prevention
A
- prevention of the initial occurrence of a dz or injury
- nutrition education
- family planning and sex education
- smoking cessation edu
- communicable dz prevention edu
- edu about health and hygiene issues to specific groups (day care workers, restaurant workers)
- safety edu (seat belt use, helmet use)
- prenatal classes
- providing immunizations
- advocating for access to health care
15
Q
secondary prevention
A
- early detection/screening and tx of dz w/ goal of limiting severity and adverse effects
- community assessments
- dz surveillance (communicable dzs)
- screenings
- cancer
- DM
- HTN
- hypercholesterolemia
- sensory impairments
- TB
- lead exposure
- genetic disorders/metabolic deficiencies in newborns
- control of outbreaks of communicable dzs
