ATI- Across lifespan (newborn)

Question 1

Axillary temperature in a newborn must be measured for how long?

Answer 1

5 minutes

Question 2

Fever in a newborn is what temp?

Answer 2

100.4

Question 3

What condition would make a newborn larger than average?

Answer 3

Maternal Diabetes

Question 4

Heart rate in a newborn should be auscultated for how long?
Why?

Answer 4

1 minute
When a newborn is sleeping or active, their heart rate can fluctuate, and it can also be irregular if the newborn is acutely ill or has an underlying disease process.

Question 5

Newborn heart rate

Answer 5

110 to 160/min

Question 6

Respiratory rate in newborn should be measure for how long?
Why?

Answer 6

-1 minute while watching the chest.
-Periods of tachypnea are expected, and periods of apnea are not considered concerning if they resolve in 10 seconds or less.

Question 7

Respiratory rate in newborn

Answer 7

30-60

Question 8

Avg BP for a newborn

Answer 8

64/41
BP Is not typically measured in newborns

Question 9

Expected pulse ox for newborn up to one month

Answer 9

95-100 on room air

Question 10

Postnatal weight gain
- expected vs not expected

Answer 10

Weight loss of up to 10% of birthweight in the first 2 to 3 days after birth is expected of the newborn, but it should be regained by the end of the second week. Weight gain in a newborn is fastest in the first 3 months after birth and can increase as much as 30 grams per day.

Question 11

Newborn head stuff

Answer 11

Any misshapen areas should resolve by the end of the second week, and the newborn’s head will take on a more rounded appearance. In the first year, a newborn’s head circumference increases rapidly, with a total increase of about 12 cm (4.72 in) in head circumference.

Question 12

Fontanel

Answer 12

-soft spots
-areas between the bones of the skull, which are not fused and allow for continued brain growth and development.

Question 13

How many fontanels during infancy?

Answer 13

6

Question 14

Primary fontanels
-which is largest?
- what should they feel like?

Answer 14

-Anterior and posterior
-anterior is largest
-The fontanels should be flat and firm when palpated. A sunken fontanel can be indicative of dehydration, and a bulging fontanel can be indicative of an infection.

Question 15

Cardiac circulation immediately after birth

Answer 15

the cardiac circulation of the newborn changes. The initial changes can take between 1 and 4 days, with a full completion of closure within the first 2 months. Closing these fetal circulation structures increases blood flow to the lungs and increases pressure throughout the body, increasing blood volume to all organs.

Question 16

acrocyanosis Newborns

Answer 16

Bluish discoloration of the extremities due to decreased amount of oxygen delivered to the peripheral parts of the body. (normal for the first month of life, especially on hands and feet)

Question 16

Newborn respiratory system/ apnea

Answer 16

breathing begins immediately upon birth. However, it may take several days to weeks for the transition to be complete. Periods of central apnea can last for 3 to 6 seconds.

Question 17

Newborn muskuloskeletal

Answer 17

-During the first month, babys spine begins to straighten out.
-legs and feet will rotate inward, giving the infant a bowlegged look, which will correct during the first year.

Question 18

Molting in newborns

Answer 18

A skin pattern of pale and red skin in response to cold.

Question 19

Normal newborn skin conditions:

Answer 19

Milia (newborn acne)
Erythema toxicum- Flesh-colored papules on an erythematous base found mostly on face and trunk. (resolves within a week)
Flaky skin- babys skin will flake off within 2 weeks

Question 20

Umbilical hernia (newborn)

Answer 20

an opening in the wall of the abdominal muscles around the umbilical cord that allows the intestines, still surrounded by skin, to protrude when the baby is crying or straining. Umbilical hernias that are painless and reducible do not pose a risk to the newborn. Most hernias close on their own, but some may require surgery.

Question 21

Umbilical cord (post birth)

Answer 21

Within 10 days to 3 weeks, the umbilical stump will dry up and fall off, creating a belly button. The umbilical stump should remain clean and dry. If it appears soiled, the stump should be washed with water to clean it.

Question 22

Fine moto skills (newborn)

Answer 22

bringing the hands to the eyes and mouth and keeping the hands in a tight fist, are developed in the first month.

Question 23

Hearing (newborn)

Answer 23

Hearing is completely developed
-By the end of the first month, newborns begin to recognize familiar sounds and will turn in response to familiar voices

Question 24

Vision (newborn)

Answer 24

-Still being developed after birth
-can see most clearly at 8 to 12 inches.
- Eyes may be uncoordinated or even seem cross-eyed

Question 25

Smell and touch (newborn)

Answer 25

Most developed sense
Can recognize smell of breast milk and mother

Question 26

Language development (Newborns)

Answer 26

Crying
-end of first month they can coo and make other small noises
- crying peaks at 6-8 weeks
-different types of cries based on needs

Question 27

Carseats (newborn)

Answer 27

The newborn is safest in the back seat in a rear-facing car seat. Blankets and coats should be removed from an infant before securing them in the car seat. The newborn should be in a rear-facing (not front-facing) car seat in the middle of the back seat. The car seat’s buckle should be secured over the newborn’s shoulders at the armpit level.

Question 28

Newborns do not have immunity against?

Answer 28

Pertussis
First vaccines at 2 months

Question 29

Breastfeeding is recommended for how long?

Answer 29

6 months

Question 30

It is recommended that newborns are fed how often?

Answer 30

ad libitum, which means as much and as often as desired.
-2 to 3 hours (8 to 12 times in a 24-hour period) for 15 minutes on each breast with six to eight wet diapers a day to verify appropriate hydration.

Question 31

Root reflex

Question 32

Moro reflex

Question 33

suck reflex

Question 34

standing reflex