ATHEROSCLEROTIC CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE Flashcards
Endothelium is?
Single-layer basal
lamina
Subendothelial Layer is?
Contains
smooth muscle cells and loose
connective tissue. Both are arranged
in longitudinal
Membrane elastica interna is?
t is
the layer where elastic fibers are
found. Especially well developed
muscular arteries
what are The 3 main tasks of Endothelium?
- Providing blood-tissue permeability,
- Control the vascular tone,
- To regulate vessel surface properties according to hemostasis and inflammation
what is the first lesion in atherosclerosis?
endothelin disruption
There are no tunica media in capillary and postcapillary venules
true or false?
true
In the larger muscular arteries and large arteries, between the media and the adventitia layer, the membrane
is thinner than ?
internal elastic membrane
arteries are efferent or afferent vessels?
efferent
Classification of arteries is?
1-Elastic Arteries
2-Muscular Arteries
3-Small Arteries and Arterioles
when we see elongation and compression of elastic arteries
during systole the elastic arteries are elongated
while, in diastole the elastic arteries are compressed
Arterial pressure
flow velocity, pressure variability increases as it moves away from the heart.
true or false?
false decreases
he most common type of artery that distributes blood to organs.
is?
Muscular Arteries
om elastic arteries to muscular arteries, elastic material decreases, smooth
muscle increases.
true or false?
true
when the Pathological Vascular Changes?
The first change is the increase in connective tissue in the intima.
Elastic membranes break apart as the intima thickens
true or false?
true
The largest arteries continue to grow until the age of?
25
precursor of the heart attack is?
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis affects the muscular arteries
true or false?
false, the elastic arteries
list some of Pathological Vascular Changes
➢ Accumulation of soft, cell-free lipid material in the intima walls.
➢ These deposits narrow down the lumen diameter even at the age of 25.
➢ The fibrous plaques (atherosclerotic plaques) formed in the intima of the
elderly are pathological.
➢ Elastic fibrils disintegrate.
➢ Calcification is observed in the muscular artery.
what happens when the endothelium is destroyed?
the platelets collected here stimulate the
proliferation of smooth muscle cells by secreting platelet-derived growth factor.
abnormal inflammatory macrophage accumulation in the
walls of the arteries is?
Atheroma
what atherosclerosis will cause?
Myocardial infarction,
Stroke,
Aorta and lower extremity disease
Atherosclerotic vascular disease can be defined as?
as focal contraction of large and median coronary arteries due to intimal proliferation and lipid deposition of smooth muscle cells.
dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for atherosclerosis
true or false?
true
disease process beginning with foam cells, leading to oily lines
and eventually to increased atheromatous plaques is?
Atherogenesis
atherosclerosis is an inflammatory
disease, rather than the accumulation of lipid in the vessel wall
true or false?
true
atherosclerosis is a continuous, linear process
true or false?
false, it is not
➢ Atherosclerosis
➢ Coronary heart disease (CHD)
➢ Chest pain (angina pectoris)
➢ Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
➢ Congestive heart failure (CHF)
➢ Congenital and rheumatic heart disease
➢ Stroke
are?
types of cardiovascular disease
➢ Atherosclerosis
➢ Coronary heart disease (CHD)
➢ Chest pain (angina pectoris)
➢ Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
➢ Congestive heart failure (CHF)
➢ Congenital and rheumatic heart disease
➢ Stroke
are?
types of cardiovascular disease
drug used to relax (dilate) the vein is?
Nitroglycerin
heart beat is sporadic, quivering pattern is?
Fibrillation
Coronary artery disease is thought to begin with damage or injury to the?
inner layer of a coronary artery
▪Atherosclerosis is a chronic and non-progressive inflammatory disease of the arterial endothelium.
true or false?
false, progressive
restriction to valve opening (stenosis) leads to ?
obstruction of flow and increasing transvalvular
gradient (pressure overloading)
inadequate valve closure (incompetence) leads to ?
valvular regurgitation (volume overloading).
obstruction/narrowing =stenosis, inadequate closure/ insufficiency = regurgitation
true or false?
true
