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cardiorehabilitation > ATHEROSCLEROTIC CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE > Flashcards

ATHEROSCLEROTIC CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE Flashcards

1
Q

Endothelium is?

A

Single-layer basal
lamina

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2
Q

Subendothelial Layer is?

A

Contains
smooth muscle cells and loose
connective tissue. Both are arranged
in longitudinal

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3
Q

Membrane elastica interna is?

A

t is
the layer where elastic fibers are
found. Especially well developed
muscular arteries

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4
Q

what are The 3 main tasks of Endothelium?

A
  1. Providing blood-tissue permeability,
  2. Control the vascular tone,
  3. To regulate vessel surface properties according to hemostasis and inflammation
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5
Q

what is the first lesion in atherosclerosis?

A

endothelin disruption

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6
Q

There are no tunica media in capillary and postcapillary venules
true or false?

A

true

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7
Q

In the larger muscular arteries and large arteries, between the media and the adventitia layer, the membrane
is thinner than ?

A

internal elastic membrane

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8
Q

arteries are efferent or afferent vessels?

A

efferent

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9
Q

Classification of arteries is?

A

1-Elastic Arteries
2-Muscular Arteries
3-Small Arteries and Arterioles

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10
Q

when we see elongation and compression of elastic arteries

A

during systole the elastic arteries are elongated
while, in diastole the elastic arteries are compressed

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11
Q

Arterial pressure
flow velocity, pressure variability increases as it moves away from the heart.
true or false?

A

false decreases

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12
Q

he most common type of artery that distributes blood to organs.
is?

A

Muscular Arteries

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13
Q

om elastic arteries to muscular arteries, elastic material decreases, smooth
muscle increases.
true or false?

A

true

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14
Q

when the Pathological Vascular Changes?

A

The first change is the increase in connective tissue in the intima.

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15
Q

Elastic membranes break apart as the intima thickens
true or false?

A

true

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16
Q

The largest arteries continue to grow until the age of?

A

25

17
Q

precursor of the heart attack is?

A

Atherosclerosis

18
Q

Atherosclerosis affects the muscular arteries
true or false?

A

false, the elastic arteries

19
Q

list some of Pathological Vascular Changes

A

➢ Accumulation of soft, cell-free lipid material in the intima walls.
➢ These deposits narrow down the lumen diameter even at the age of 25.
➢ The fibrous plaques (atherosclerotic plaques) formed in the intima of the
elderly are pathological.
➢ Elastic fibrils disintegrate.
➢ Calcification is observed in the muscular artery.

20
Q

what happens when the endothelium is destroyed?

A

the platelets collected here stimulate the
proliferation of smooth muscle cells by secreting platelet-derived growth factor.

21
Q

abnormal inflammatory macrophage accumulation in the
walls of the arteries is?

A

Atheroma

22
Q

what atherosclerosis will cause?

A

Myocardial infarction,
Stroke,
Aorta and lower extremity disease

23
Q

Atherosclerotic vascular disease can be defined as?

A

as focal contraction of large and median coronary arteries due to intimal proliferation and lipid deposition of smooth muscle cells.

24
Q

dyslipidemia is one of the most important risk factors for atherosclerosis
true or false?

A

true

25
Q

disease process beginning with foam cells, leading to oily lines
and eventually to increased atheromatous plaques is?

A

Atherogenesis

26
Q

atherosclerosis is an inflammatory
disease, rather than the accumulation of lipid in the vessel wall
true or false?

A

true

27
Q

atherosclerosis is a continuous, linear process
true or false?

A

false, it is not

28
Q

➢ Atherosclerosis
➢ Coronary heart disease (CHD)
➢ Chest pain (angina pectoris)
➢ Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
➢ Congestive heart failure (CHF)
➢ Congenital and rheumatic heart disease
➢ Stroke
are?

A

types of cardiovascular disease

29
Q

➢ Atherosclerosis
➢ Coronary heart disease (CHD)
➢ Chest pain (angina pectoris)
➢ Irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia)
➢ Congestive heart failure (CHF)
➢ Congenital and rheumatic heart disease
➢ Stroke
are?

A

types of cardiovascular disease

30
Q

drug used to relax (dilate) the vein is?

A

Nitroglycerin

31
Q

heart beat is sporadic, quivering pattern is?

A

Fibrillation

32
Q

Coronary artery disease is thought to begin with damage or injury to the?

A

inner layer of a coronary artery

33
Q

▪Atherosclerosis is a chronic and non-progressive inflammatory disease of the arterial endothelium.
true or false?

A

false, progressive

34
Q

restriction to valve opening (stenosis) leads to ?

A

obstruction of flow and increasing transvalvular
gradient (pressure overloading)

35
Q

inadequate valve closure (incompetence) leads to ?

A

valvular regurgitation (volume overloading).

36
Q

obstruction/narrowing =stenosis, inadequate closure/ insufficiency = regurgitation

true or false?

A

true

cardiorehabilitation (6 decks)

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