Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CPR II Exam 3 > Asthma (Newman) > Flashcards

Asthma (Newman) Flashcards

1
Q

Curschmann spirals

A

characteristic finding in sputum or broncho-alveolar lavage specimens

extrusion of mucus plugs from sub-epithelial mucous gland ducts or bronchioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Charcot-leyden crystals

A

found in sputum or broncho-alveolar lavage specimens

composed of an eosinophil protein called galectin-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what happens to the sub-basement membrane in asthma

A

fibrosis due to type 1 and 3 collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

submucosal glands in asthma

A

increase in size and the number of goblet cells increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bronchial wall muscle in asthma

A

hypertrophy and hyperplastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

airway remodeling may contribute to

A

chronic irreversible airway obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

exampe of inhaled allergens

A

atopic allergens including
dust mites
cockroaches
seasonal pollens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

atopy is the ___ in asthma

A

strongest predisposing factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

nonspecific precipitants (triggers)

A 
exercise
URI
sinusitis
allergic rhinitis
aspiration
GER air pollution
meds (aspirin/NSAID)
occupation
obesity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is chronic progressive cough common in asthma

A

not common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

do you commonly wake at night with breathlessness or wheezing with COPD

A

not commonly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

do the symptoms of COPD exhibit day to day variability

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

with drug therapy would you expect FEV and FEV/FVC ratios to return to normal

A

never with significant disease but probably will with asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

key indicators of asthma

A

wheezing (esp in kids)

history of cough or recurrent wheeze, difficulty in breathing, and chest tightness

symptoms occur/worsen with exercise, viral infection, change in weather, strong emotion, menstrual cycle, or allergens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

key indicators of COPD

A

dyspnea that is progressive, worsens with exercise, persistent, or described by pt as increased effort to breathe, heaviness, air hunger, or gasping

chronic cough that may be intermittent or unproductive

chronic sputum production

history of exposure to risk factors especially tobacco smoke, occupational dust, and chemicals or smoke from home cooking and heating fuels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

be sure you check out the flow diagram for vocal cord dysfunction

A

the inspiration below the x axis is truncated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

ICS we should know

A

fluticasone
beclomethasone
budesonide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

leukotriene modifiers we should know

A

montelukast

zafirlukast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

5-lipoxygenase inhibitor we should know

A

zileuton

it inhibits leukotriene formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, breathlessness

A

white at rest, mute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, talks in

A

silence

22
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, alertness

A

drowsy or confused

23
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, respiratory rate

A

> 30/min

24
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, body position

A

unable to recline

25
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, use of accessory muscles

A

paradoxical thoracoabdominal movement

26
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, wheezing

A

absent

27
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, pulse rate

A

bradycardia (compared to the 120 at severe respiratory distress)

28
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, pulsus paradoxus

A

absence suggests repiratory muscle fatigue

29
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent PEF or FEV % of predicted

A

<25%

30
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent PaO2

A

<60 with possible cyanosis

31
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent, PCO2

A

> 42

32
Q

Respiratory arrest imminent saO2

A

<90%

33
Q

peak flow meter green zone

A

80-100%

34
Q

peak flow meter yellow zone

A

50-80%

35
Q

peak flow meter red zone

A

<50%

36
Q

initial asthma treatment

A

inhaled SABA up to two treatments 20 min apart of 2-6 puffs by MDI or nebulizer

37
Q

Red flag Sudden onset of symptoms (wheeze) DDx

A

foreign body

38
Q

coughing and choking when eating or drinking DDx with wheezing

A

oropharyngeal dysphagia with aspiration

39
Q

poor growth and low BMI DDx with wheezing

A

cystic fibrosis, immunodeficiency

40
Q

faimly history of sterile males with wheezing DDx

A

cystic fibrosis, immotile cilia syndrome

41
Q

chronic rhinorrhea and recurrent sinus infection with wheezing DDx

A

cystic fibrosis, immotile cilia syndrome

42
Q

Acute onset without asthma in teenager with wheezing DDx

A

vocal cord dysfunction

43
Q

Chronic wet productive cough with wheezing DDx

A

bronchiectasis

44
Q

more than 2 episodes of pneumonia with wheezing DDx

A

immunodeficiency

45
Q

infants wheezing DDx

A

GERD

congenital anomalies

CF

infection

ciliary duskinesia

immunodeficiency

46
Q

preschool age wheezing DDx

A

asthma

FBA

CF

GERD

infectious/postinfectious cause

immunodeficiency

congenital anomaly

47
Q

school age wheezing DDx

A

asthma

vocal cord dysfunction

CF

infectious/postinfectious causes

immunodeficiency

A1 antitrypsin deficiency

FBA

48
Q

diagnosing asthma in kids younger than 2

A

difficult and requires repeated wheezing episodes with no other identifiable cause

family Hx of atopy and response to albuterol is helpful

49
Q

education includes

A

treatment goals

inhaler technique

elimination of triggers

asthma action plan

50
Q

follow up visit 6 step flow

A

assess asthma control

review action plan

identify asthma triggers and plan for elimination

adjust medication as needed according to step model

schedule f/u

parents and patient monitor asthma symptoms

51
Q

approach to asthma

A

make diagnosis

classify severity

prepare initial treatment plan

when stable proceed to maintenance plan

develop an asthma action plan

monitor with periodic eval with seasonal change in classification and changes with age

CPR II Exam 3 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions