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Pharm > Asthma Drugs > Flashcards

Asthma Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 4 Short-Acting Beta-2 Agonists (Bronchodilators)

A

Albuterol
Terbutaline
Metoproterenol
Pributal

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2
Q

Name the 3 Long-Acting Beta-2 Agonists

A

Salmeterol
Formoterol
Indacaterol

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3
Q

SABA & LABA

MOA

A

Relax bronchial smooth muscle;
Inhibit mediator release (mast cells, basophils);
Increase mucociliary clearance;
Suppression of microvascular permeability

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4
Q

SABA
Uses
(Albuterol, Terbutaline, Metoproterenol, Pributal)

A

Prevent/Reduce exercise-induced bronchospasms;

Mild asthma & acute exacerbations

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5
Q

LABA
Uses
(Salmeterol, Formeterol, Indacaterol)

A

Long-term asthma sx control (always in combination with ICS)

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6
Q

SABA & LABA

Impt SE

A 
MSK tremor;
Tachycardia;
Hyperglycemia;
Hypokalemia;
Hypomagnesemia
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7
Q

SABA & LABA

Other SE

A

Tolerance with chronic use;
Prolonged QTc;
Lactic Acidosis;
Paradoxical Bronchospasm

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8
Q

SABA
Misc
(Albuterol, Terbutaline, Metoproterenol, Pirbutal)

A

5 min to take action;
4-6hrs duration;
Nebulizer delivers more, but with greater SE
(Levalbuterol is R-isomer of albuterol)

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9
Q

LABA
Misc
(Salmeterol, Formoterol, Indacaterol)

A

10-15 min to take action;
6-12 hrs duration;
Neb delivers more;
Oral = least effective, can be for night sxs

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10
Q

Theophylline
Theobromine
Caffeine
Class

A

Bronchodilator (Methylxanthine)

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11
Q

Theophylline
Theobromine
Caffeine
MOA

A

PDE inhibition and enchance signaling via increased cAMP and cGMP; relaxes bronchial smooth muscle

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12
Q

Theophylline
Theobromine
Caffeine
Uses

A

Reduce inflam and bronchospasm in moderate to sever asthma;

Night sxs

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13
Q

Theophylline
Theobromine
Caffeine
Impt SE

A

CNS stimulation/seizures;
Tachycardia/arrhythmias;
Anorexia;
Nausea

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14
Q

Theophylline
Theobromine
Caffeine
Misc

A

Low TI
Met by liver
Cimetidine and quinolone inc blood levels

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15
Q

Roflumilast

Class

A

Methylxanthine

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16
Q

Roflumilast

MOA

A

Selective PDE4 inhibitor

More anti-inflam than bronchodilator

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17
Q

Roflumilast

Uses

A

COPD

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18
Q

Roflumilast

Impt SE

A

CNS stim/seizures;
Tachycardia/arrhythmias;
Anorexia;
Nausea

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19
Q

Ipratropium
Tiotropium
Atropine
Class

A

Antimuscarinic (anticholinergic)

20
Q

Ipratropium
Tiotropium
Atropine
MOA

A

Blocks vagal pathways and decrease vagal tone to bronchial smooth muscle;
Blocks reflex bronchoconstriction caused by inhaled irritants

21
Q

Ipratropium
Tiotropium
Atropine
Uses

A 
First-line for chronic COPD;
Status Asthmaticus (with nebulized B2-agonists)
22
Q

Ipratropium
Tiotropium
Atropine
Impt SE

A

Antimuscarinic effects
Acute Angle Glaucoma
Paradoxical Bronchospasm

23
Q

Tiotropium

Misc

A

Tiotropium has anti-inflammatory properties and decreases mucus secretions

24
Q

Aclidinium Bromide

Class

A

Antimuscarinic

25
Q

Aclidinium Bromide

MOA

A

Blocks vagal pathways and decreases vagal tone to bronchial smooth musc;
Blocks the reflex bronchoconstriction caused by inhaled irritants

26
Q

Aclidinium Bromide

Uses

A

Functionally similar to tiotropium (decreases mucus secretions);
First-line for chronic COPD;
Status Asthmaticus (with nebulized B2-agonists)

27
Q

Aclidinium Bromide

Impt SE

A

Less systemic and CNS SE than other antimuscarinics d/t extremely short circulation half-life

28
Q 
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Propionate
Beclomethasone
Circlesonide
Class
A

Inhaled corticosteroids

anti-inflammatory

29
Q 
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Propionate
Beclomethasone
MOA
A

Anti-inflam effects;
Inhibition of growth factor secretion;
Inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolites and plt activation factor; Inhibition of leukocyte accumulation; decreased vascular permeability; Inhibition of mucus GP secretion

30
Q

Circlesonide

MOA

A

Same as other corticosteroids, but is a prodrug activated by airway esterase

31
Q 
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Propionate
Beclomethasone
Circlesonide
Uses
A

Cornerstone tx of persistent asthma;
Beneficial combo with B2 agonists;
Limited role in COPD

32
Q 
Budesonide
Fluticason
Propionate
Beclomethasone
Circlesonide
Impt SE
A 
Inhaled = thrush;
Hoarseness;
Dry cough;
Mild adrenal suppression (higher doses);
Oral = mood swings;
Increased appetite;
Suppression of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion (Cushing's)
**Circlesonide = less side effects bc onsite activation
33
Q

Sodium Chromoglycate
Nedocromil Sodium
Class

A

Anti-inflammatory

34
Q

Sodium Chromoglycate
Nedocromil Sodium
MOA

A

Prevent mast cell degranulation and mediator release from mast cells

35
Q

Sodium Chromoglycate
Nedocromil Sodium
Uses

A

Early/Late phase reaction prophylaxis;

Best results in mild/allergic asthma

36
Q

Sodium Chromoglycate
Nedocromil Sodium
Impt SE

A

Minimal local side effects (cough/throat irritation)

37
Q

Montelukast
Pranlukast
Zafirlukast
Class & MOA

A

Leukotriene Inhibitors

38
Q

Montelukast
Pranlukast
Zafirlukast
Uses

A

Add-on therapy in mild persistent asthma;
Aspirin-induced asthma;
Prophylaxis for EI bronchospasm

39
Q

Montelukast
Pranlukast
Zafirlukast
Misc

A

Must monitor LFTs

40
Q

Zileuton

Class

A

Leukotriene inhibitor

41
Q

Zileuton

MOA

A

Inhibits 5-lipoxygenase and blocks leukotriene synthesis

42
Q

Zileuton

Uses

A

Same as others:
Add-on therapy in mild persistent asthma;
Aspirin-induced asthma;
Prophylaxis for EI bronchospasm

43
Q

Zileuton

Impt SE

A

Liver Toxicity

44
Q

Omalizumab

Class

A

Anti-IgE mAB

45
Q

Omalizumab

MOA

A

Blocks IgE function

46
Q

Omalizumab

Uses

A

Poorly controlled severe asthma

47
Q

Omalizumab

Misc

A

Administered SQ injection every 3wks

Pharm (7 decks)

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