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Pharm Unit 4 > Asthma Drugs > Flashcards

Asthma Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent) Class

A

Bronchodilator (beta 2 agonist)

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2
Q

Theophylline (Theolair) Class

A

Bronchodilator (Methylxanthine)

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3
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) Class

A

Quarternary amine antimuscarinic

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4
Q

Asthma corticosteroids Class

A

Anti-inflammatory agent

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5
Q

Cromolyn sodium (Intal) Class

A

Anti-inflammatory agent

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6
Q

Montelukast (Singulair) Class

A

Anti-inflammatory agent (leukotriene modifier)

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7
Q

Pranlukast (Azlaire) Class

A

Anti-inflammatory agent (leukotriene modifier)

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8
Q

Zafirlukast (Accolate) Class

A

Anti-inflammatory agent (leukotriene modifier)

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9
Q

Zileuton (Zyflo) Class

A

Anti-inflammatory agent (leukotriene modifier)

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10
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent) MOA

A

Relax bronchial smooth muscle, inhibit mediator release (mast cells, basophils), increase mucociliary clearance, suppression of microvascular permeability

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11
Q

Theophylline (Theolair) MOA

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibition and enhanced signalling via increased cAMP and cGMP; relax bronchial smooth muscle

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12
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) MOA

A

Blocks vagal pathways and decreases vagal tone to bronchial smooth muscle; also blocks the reflex bronchoconstriction caused by inhaled irritants

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13
Q

Asthma corticosteroids MOA

A

Anti-inflammatory effects: inhibition of growth factor secretion, inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolites and platelet activation factor, inhibition of leukocyte accumulation, decreased vascular permeability, inhibition of neuropeptide-mediated responses, inhibition of mucous glycoprotein secretion

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14
Q

Cromolyn sodium (Intal) MOA

A

Not clear, may stabilize and prevent mediator release from mast cells

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15
Q

Montelukast (Singulair) MOA

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

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16
Q

Pranlukast (Azlaire)MOA

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

17
Q

Zafirlukast (Accolate) MOA

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

18
Q

Zileuton (Zyflo) MOA

A

Inhibits 5-lipoxygenase and blocks leukotriene synthesis

19
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent) Therapy

A

Prevent or reduce exercise-induced bronhospasms; mild asthma & acute exacerbations

20
Q

Theophylline (Theolair) Therapy

A

Reduce inflammation and bronchospasm in moderate to severe asthma, night symptoms; NOT as diuretic

21
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) Therapy

A

Status asthmaticus (w/ nebulized beta 2-agonists); partially reverse obstruction in COPD

22
Q

Asthma corticosteroids Therapy

A

Inhaled are a preventer of asthma attacks (not reliever); oral are used for uncontrolled moderate to severe asthma (10-14 day “burst”)

23
Q

Cromolyn sodium (Intal)Therapy

A

Prophylaxis for inhibiting both early and late phase reactions; best results in mild and allergic asthma

24
Q

Montelukast (Singulair) Therapy

A

Long-term asthma control and prevention of symptoms in mild persistent asthma

25
Q

Pranlukast (Azlaire)Therapy

A

Long-term asthma control and prevention of symptoms in mild persistent asthma

26
Q

Zafirlukast (Accolate) Therapy

A

Long-term asthma control and prevention of symptoms in mild persistent asthma

27
Q

Zileuton (Zyflo) Therapy

A

Long-term asthma control and prevention of symptoms in mild persistent asthma

28
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent) SE

A

Can mask progressively severe inflammation; overuse down-regulates b-receptor (become refractory). Tachycardia, muscle tremor

29
Q

Theophylline (Theolair) SE

A

Larger doses give nausea, vomiting, CNS stimulation or seizures, tachycardia/arrythmias

30
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) SE

A

Typically none

31
Q

Asthma corticosteroids SE

A

Inhaled has thrush, hoarseness, dry cough, mild adrenal suppression (higher doses); oral has mood-swings, increased appetite, and suppression of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion (Cushing’s Syndrome)

32
Q

Cromolyn sodium (Intal) SE

A

Minimal local side effect (cough)

33
Q

Salmeterol (Serevent) misc

A

10-15 minutes to take action, 6-12 hours (max) of duration; nebulizer delivers more, but greater side effects; oral is least effective (requires more dose –> side effects); can be used night symptoms, but not ideal

34
Q

Theophylline (Theolair) misc

A

FeNa = 5%; aminophylline = theophylline + ethyelenediamine (solubility agent); metabolized by liver; cimetidine and quinoline increase blood levels

35
Q

Ipratropium (Atrovent) misc

A

Typically used when there is a severe bronchitic component, unrelated to inflammation; inhaled, slower onset of action; restricted to lung (quarternary)

36
Q

Asthma corticosteroids misc

A

Prednisone, prednisolone, methyl prednisolone, dexamethasone, betamethasone

37
Q

Asthma corticosteroids misc

A

Prednisone, prednisolone, methyl prednisolone, dexamethasone, betamethasone

Pharm Unit 4 (7 decks)

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