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Pharm Unit 4 > Anti-arrhythmias > Flashcards

Anti-arrhythmias Flashcards

1
Q

Dofetilide (Tikosyn) Misc

A

Renal excretion; 100% bioavailability; work better in slow heart (can cause arrhythmia)

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2
Q

Quinidine (Quinidex) Class

A

Class IA anti-arrhythmic

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3
Q

Procainamide (Pronestyl) Class

A

Class IA anti-arrhythmic

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4
Q

Disopyramide (Norpace) Class

A

Class IA anti-arrhythmic

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5
Q

Lidocaine (Xylocaine) Class

A

Class IB anti-arrhythmic

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6
Q

Mexiletine (Mexitil) Class

A

Class IB anti-arrhythmic

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7
Q

Flecainide (Tambocor) Class

A

Class IC anti-arrhythmic

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8
Q

Propafenone (Rythmol) Class

A

Class IC anti-arrhythmic

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9
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone) Class

A

Class III anti-arrhythmic

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10
Q

Dronedarone (Multaq) Class

A

Class III anti-arrhythmic

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11
Q

Sotalol (Betapace) Class

A

Class III anti-arrhythmic

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12
Q

Dofetilide (Tikosyn) Class

A

Class III anti-arrhythmic

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13
Q

Adenosine (Adenocard) MOA

A

Adenosine receptors in atrium, sinus node, AV node; activates inward K current and inhibition of Ca current

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14
Q

Quinidine (Quinidex) MOA

A

Both sodium and potassium channel blockers (also, a-adrenergic blocker)

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15
Q

Procainamide (Pronestyl) MOA

A

Sodium channel blocker

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16
Q

Disopyramide (Norpace) MOA

A

Sodium channel blocker; induces vagal block

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17
Q

Lidocaine (Xylocaine) MOA

A

Sodium channel blocker; decreases automaticity

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18
Q

Mexiletine (Mexitil) MOA

A

Oral lidocaine

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19
Q

Flecainide (Tambocor) MOA

A

Sodium channel blocker

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20
Q

Propafenone (Rythmol) MOA

A

Sodium channel blocker

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21
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone) MOA

A

Prolong QT (potassium channel blocker); K, Na, b, and Ca channel blocker

22
Q

Dronedarone (Multaq) MOA

A

Prolong QT (potassium channel blocker)

23
Q

Sotalol (Betapace) MOA

A

Prolongs effective refractory period

24
Q

Dofetilide (Tikosyn) MOA

A

Prolong QT (potassium channel blocker); pure IKr blocker (phase 3)

25
Q

Adenosine (Adenocard) SE

A

Facial flushing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, nausea

26
Q

Quinidine (Quinidex) SE

A

Nausea, diarrhea in 1/3; development of arryhthmias like torsades de pointes (VT); “Quinidine syncope”

27
Q

Procainamide (Pronestyl) SE

A

Hypotension (ganglionic blocking properties); atrial and ventricular arryhthmia; 1/3 develop drug-induced lupus

28
Q

Disopyramide (Norpace) SE

A

Urinary retention, blurred vision, worsening glaucoma (anticholinergic)

29
Q

Lidocaine (Xylocaine) SE

A

Neurologic (after 3 days continuous infusion), including tremor, slurred speech, convulsion, seizure

30
Q

Mexiletine (Mexitil) SE

A

GI toxicity (very potent)

31
Q

Amiodarone (Cordarone) SE

A

End organ toxicities: pulmonary fibrosis; hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism; blue discoloration, photosensitivity; nausea, anorexia; ataxia, paresthesias, and other neurological symptoms

32
Q

Dronedarone (Multaq) SE

A

Fewer side effects than amiodarone (no thyroid or pulmonary toxicities)

33
Q

Dofetilide (Tikosyn) SE

A

Proarrhythmia; hospital initiation to avoid, need to be monitored every 3 months

34
Q

Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide Therapy

A

Block inward potassium rectifying channel (slow rate) at normal concentrations; blocks sodium channels (fast rate) at high concentrations

35
Q

Lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide Therapy

A

Digitalis toxicity

36
Q

Flecainide, propafenone, moricizine therapy

A

Atrial fibrillation/flutter, paroxsymal supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia

37
Q

Propanolol, carvedilol therapy

A

Control of ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation/flutter; prevent or terminate SVTs

38
Q

Sotalol, amiodarone, dofetilide, ibutelide, dronedarone therapy

A

Atrial fibrillation/flutter, paroxsymal supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia

39
Q

Nifedipine, amlodipine, felopidine, isradipine, veapamil, diltiazam.

A

Prevent or terminate reentrant SVTs

40
Q

Adenosine therapy

A

AV node reentrant tachy, paroxsymal supraventricular tachycardia

41
Q

Digoxin therapy

A

Atrial fibrillation/flutter; chronic SVT

42
Q

Magnesium sulfate therapy

A

Prevents recurrent TdP and some digitalis-induced arrhythmias

43
Q

Digoxin MOA

A

Na/K pump inhibitor; slows AVN activity and conduction

44
Q

Digoxin ISE

A

Nausea, cognitive dysfunction, blurred or yellow vision, may cause DAD arrhythmias

45
Q

Digoxin Misc

A

Low therapeutic index

46
Q

Magnesium sulfate misc

A

Alternative to amiodarone for shock-refractory cardiac arrest.

47
Q

Adenosine SE

A

Sedation, dyspnea, hypotension

48
Q

How should acute Atrial flutter/fib be treated?

A
  1. IV verapimil, dilitiazem, beta blocker or digoxin

2. IV procainamide, ibutilide, dofetilide

49
Q

How should chronic a fib/flutter be treated?

A
  1. rate control with verapamil, dilitiazem, beta blocker, or digoxin
  2. Maintain sinus rhythm with amiodarone, sotalol, flecainide
  3. Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide
50
Q

How should acute SVTs be treated?

A
  1. IV adenosine, verapamil, diltiazem

2. IV esmolol, beta blockers, digoxin

51
Q

How should chronic SVTs be treated?

A
  1. beta blockers, verapamil, diltiazem, flecainide, propafenone, amiodarone, solatol, digoxin
  2. quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide
52
Q

How should PVCs or nonsustained VT be treated?

A
  1. Asymptomatic: no treatment

2. symptomatic: beta blockers

Pharm Unit 4 (7 decks)

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