Asthma & COPD Chp 20

Question 1

Drugs most used for asthma management

Answer 1

Adrenoceptor agonist or sympathomimetic agents (Relievers/Bronchodilators) & inhaled Corticosteroids (Controllers or anti-inflammatory agents)

Question 2

What do andrenoceptor agonist increase?

Answer 2

formation of intracellular cAMP, therby relaxing airway smooth muscle and inhibiting release of bronchoconstricting mediators from mast cells

Question 3

Regular Beta agonist use will cause

Answer 3

tachyphylaxis

Question 4

Most important action of corticosteriods

Answer 4

inhibition of the infiltration of asthmatic airways by lymphocytes, eosinophils, and mast cells

Question 5

What is given in treating COPD

Answer 5

ABX due to exacerbations being caused by bacterial infections of the lower airways

Question 6

What are beta agonist

Answer 6

Albuterol, Salmeterol, Epi, and Isoproterenol

Question 7

Action of Albuterol & Salmeterol

Answer 7

Beta 2 agonoist

Question 8

Action of Epi

Answer 8

nonselective alpha & beta agonist

Question 9

action of isoproterenol

Answer 9

beta 1 & 2 agonist

Question 10

effects of albuterol

Answer 10

bronchodilation

Question 11

usage of albuterol

Answer 11

asthma, copd, acute asthmatic bronchospasm

Question 12

effects. of salmeterol

Answer 12

slow onset, preventive action, potentiates corticosteroid effects; prevents asthma exacerbation

Question 13

effects of epi

Answer 13

bronchodilation and sympathomimetic effects on CV. and other organs; used for anaphylaxis, rarely used for asthma

Question 14

effects of isoproterenol

Answer 14

bronchodilation plus powerful CV effects; asthma

Question 15

corticosteroid

Answer 15

fluticasone (inhaled) prednisone (systemic)

Question 16

effects of fluticasone

Answer 16

reduces mediators of inflammation, alters gene expression, asthma tx; adjunct in COPD

Question 17

methylxanthines

Answer 17

theophylline

Question 18

action of theophylline

Answer 18

phosphodiesterase inhibition; adenosine receptor antagonist

Question 19

effects of theophylline

Answer 19

bronchodilation, cardiac stimulation, increased skeletal muscle strength (diaphragm); asthma & COPD

Question 20

leukotriene Antagonist

Answer 20

Montelukast, Zarfirlukast

Question 21

action of montelukast

Answer 21

block leukotriene D4 receptors; blocks airway response to exercise and antigen challenge; prophylaxis of asthma (children) and in aspirin induced asthma