Asthma and cystic fibrosis Flashcards
Nonseptic obstructive diseases
emphysema, asthma, chronic bronchitis
Septic obstructive diseases
-septic=infection
cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis
Emphysema is a form of
COPD
Restrictive pulmonary disease
volume is impacted
- loss of lung compliance and chest wall expansion
- decreased depth and increased rate of breathing
Obstructive pulmonary disease affects what lung volumes
Increased Residual volume
Asthma
chronic disease reversible obstruction to airflow within the lungs
Signs and symptoms of asthma
wheezing, exercise, smoke, changes in the weather
-worsen at night
Key components of asthma
bronchoconstriction
swelling
mucus plug
Acute response to allergen
inflammation; increased capillary permeability
smooth muscle contraction
Chronic response to allergen
-mucus production
-inhibition of
-mucociliary clearance
airway changes
results of inflammation
increased resistance to airflow—>increased work of breathing—>decreased ventilation
What is the primary test to diagnose asthma?
Post-bronchodilator response
Airway obstruction is indicated by an FEV1 of _____ and an FEV1/FVC of ___
<80%
<65%
Reversibility is an increase in FEV1 of ____ with beta agonist
> 12%
Long term control of asthma
steroids, long acting beta agonist
acute exacerbation control of asthma
albuterol or short acting beta agonist
Components of asthma care (4)
measure to monitor
patient education
control of environment
meds
Comorbidities of asthma
obesity
sinusitis
GERD
Sleep apnea
35-50% of people with exercise induced asthma are _____athletes
cold weather
Cystic fibrosis
congenital (genetic) disease of exocrine glands
CFTR gene
normally opens channel through plasma membrane of cell to allow chloride to pass through
why do babies taste salty
sodium does not get reabsorbed after secretion
Consequeces of CF
- Severe lung infections
- decreased release of pancreatic enzymes
- reproductive blockage
Bronchiectasis
build of of dry mucus
