Asthma And COPD Flashcards
1
Q
Nursing Assessment
A
- ABGs
- lung function tests
- assess for accessory muscle use, diaphoresis, cyanosis, lung sounds
2
Q
What meds should asthma people avoid
A
Aspirin and NSAIDs
3
Q
Green zone
A
80-100% of personal best
-remain on meds
4
Q
Yellow zone
A
50-80% of personal best
- indicates caution
- something is triggering
5
Q
Red zone
A
50% or less of personal best
- Indicates serious problem
- action must be taken
6
Q
What ethnicities die more of poorly controlled asthma
A
African Americans and Hispanics
7
Q
COPD Manifestations
A
- easily fatigued
- frequent respiratory infections
- wheezing
- chronic cough
- dyspnea
- late: cor pulmonale
8
Q
COPD Care
A
- O2 for >90% (low flow)
- humidfication
- breathing retraining: pursed lip and diaphragmatic (abdominal)
- effective coughing
- chest physiotherapy: percussion, vibration, postural drainage
9
Q
What is chest physiotherapy indicated for
A
- excessive difficult to clear bronchial secretions
- retained secretions in artificial airway
- lobular atelectasis
10
Q
Postural drainage
A
- gravity assists
- according to condition and response to initial treatment
- 2 to 4 times per day
11
Q
Percussion
A
- hands in cup like position to create air pocket
- air cushion impact facilitates movement of mucus
- hollow sound should be heard
12
Q
Where not to percuss
A
Kidneys Sternum Spinal cord Bony prominence Tender or painful area
13
Q
Vibration
A
Movement of secretions to larger airways
-mild vibration better than percussion
14
Q
Flutter mucus clearance device
A
- positive expiratory pressure (PEP)
- produces vibration
15
Q
Acapella
A
Vibrates lungs
- improves clearance
- faster and more tolerable than CPT
16
Q
Malnutrition in COPD causes
A
- increased inflammatory mediators
- increased metabolic rate
- lack of appetite
17
Q
To decrease dyspnea and conserve energy
A
- rest 30 min before eating
- avoid exercise for 1hr before and after eating
- bronchodilator
18
Q
Nutrition
A
High calories, high protein
-5-6 small meals
19
Q
Activity considerations
A
- O2 during activities of hygiene
- walk 15-30 a day at least 3x per week
- exercise induced dyspnea should return to baseline within 5 min after exercise
