Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

U4 Drug table > Asthma > Flashcards

Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

What is the class for Albuterol; Terbutaline; Metoproterenol; Pirbutal

A

Bronchodilator - short-acting ?2 agonist)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the mechanism for Albuterol; Terbutaline; Metoproterenol; Pirbutal

A

Relax bronchial smooth muscle, inhibit mediator release (mast cells, basophils), increase mucociliary clearance, suppression of microvascular permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the therapeutics for Albuterol; Terbutaline; Metoproterenol; Pirbutal

A

Prevent or reduce exercise-induced bronhospasms; mild asthma & acute exacerbations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the important side effects for Albuterol; Terbutaline; Metoproterenol; Pirbutal

A

Musculoskeletal tremor, Tachycardia, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the other side effects for Albuterol; Terbutaline; Metoproterenol; Pirbutal

A

Tolerance with chronic use, Prolonged QTc, lactic acidosis, paradoxical bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Albuterol; Terbutaline; Metoproterenol; Pirbutal

A

5 minutes to take action, 4-6 hours duration; nebulizer delivers more, but greater side effects. Note: Levalbuterol is R-isomer of albuterol.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the class for Salmeterol (Serevent); Formoterol; Indacaterol

A

Bronchodilator - long-acting ?2 agonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the mechanism for Salmeterol (Serevent); Formoterol; Indacaterol

A

Relax bronchial smooth muscle, inhibit mediator release (mast cells, basophils), increase mucociliary clearance, suppression of microvascular permeability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the therapeutics for Salmeterol (Serevent); Formoterol; Indacaterol

A

used for long-term control of asthma symptoms (always in comination with inhaled steroids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the important side effects for Salmeterol (Serevent); Formoterol; Indacaterol

A

Musculoskeletal tremor, Tachycardia, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the other side effects for Salmeterol (Serevent); Formoterol; Indacaterol

A

Tolerance with chronic use, Prolonged QTc, lactic acidosis, paradoxical bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Salmeterol (Serevent); Formoterol; Indacaterol

A

10-15 minutes to take action, 6-12 hours (max) of duration; nebulizer delivers more, but greater side effects; oral is least effective (requires more dose –> side effects); can be used night symptoms, but not ideal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the class for Theophylline (Theolair); Theobromine; Caffeine

A

Bronchodilator (Methylxanthine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the mechanism for Theophylline (Theolair); Theobromine; Caffeine

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibition and enhanced signalling via increased cAMP and cGMP; relax bronchial smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the therapeutics for Theophylline (Theolair); Theobromine; Caffeine

A

Reduce inflammation and bronchospasm in moderate to severe asthma, night symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the important side effects for Theophylline (Theolair); Theobromine; Caffeine

A

CNS stimulation or seizures, tachycardia/arrythmias, anorexia, nausea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Theophylline (Theolair); Theobromine; Caffeine

A

Low therapeutic index! Metabolized by liver; cimetidine and quinoline increase blood levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the class for Roflumilast

A

Methylxanthine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the mechanism for Roflumilast

A

Selective PDE4 inhibitor; more of an anti-inflammatory agent than bronchodilator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What are the therapeutics for Roflumilast

A

COPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the important side effects for Roflumilast

A

CNS stimulation or seizures, tachycardia/arrythmias, anorexia, nausea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the class for Ipratropium (Atrovent); Tiotropium; Atropine

A

Quarternary amine antimuscarinic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the mechanism for Ipratropium (Atrovent); Tiotropium; Atropine

A

Blocks vagal pathways and decreases vagal tone to bronchial smooth muscle; also blocks the reflex bronchoconstriction caused by inhaled irritants

24
Q

What are the therapeutics for Ipratropium (Atrovent); Tiotropium; Atropine

A

First-line agent for chronic COPD; status asthmaticus (w/ nebulized ?2-agonists); no role in chronic stable asthma

25
Q

What are the important side effects for Ipratropium (Atrovent); Tiotropium; Atropine

A

Typical antimuscarinic effects; acute angle glaucoma; paradoxical bronchospasm

26
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Ipratropium (Atrovent); Tiotropium; Atropine

A

Note: tiotropium has anti-inflammatory properties and decreases mucus secretion.

27
Q

What is the class for Aclidinium Bromide

A

Quarternary amine antimuscarinic

28
Q

What is the mechanism for Aclidinium Bromide

A

Blocks vagal pathways and decreases vagal tone to bronchial smooth muscle; also blocks the reflex bronchoconstriction caused by inhaled irritants

29
Q

What are the therapeutics for Aclidinium Bromide

A

Functionally similar to tiotropium

30
Q

What are the important side effects for Aclidinium Bromide

A

Less systemic & CNS side effects than other antimuscarinics due to extremely short circulation half-life.

31
Q

What is the class for Budesonide; Fluticasone propionate; beclomethasone

A

Corticosteroid - anti-inflammatory agent

32
Q

What is the mechanism for Budesonide; Fluticasone propionate; beclomethasone

A

Anti-inflammatory effects: inhibition of growth factor secretion, inhibition of arachidonic acid metabolites and platelet activation factor, inhibition of leukocyte accumulation, decreased vascular permeability, inhibition of neuropeptide-mediated responses, inhibition of mucous glycoprotein secretion

33
Q

What are the therapeutics for Budesonide; Fluticasone propionate; beclomethasone

A

Cornerstone treatment of persistent asthma; beneficial comination with beta-2 agonist; limited role in COPD

34
Q

What are the important side effects for Budesonide; Fluticasone propionate; beclomethasone

A

Inhaled has thrush, hoarseness, dry cough, mild adrenal suppression (higher doses); oral has mood-swings, increased appetite, and suppression of adrenocorticotropic hormone secretion (Cushing’s Syndrome)

35
Q

What is the class for Ciclesonide

A

Corticosteroid - anti-inflammatory agent

36
Q

What is the mechanism for Ciclesonide

A

Same as other corticosteroids, but is a prodrug and only activated by airway esterase.

37
Q

What are the therapeutics for Ciclesonide

A

Cornerstone treatment of persistent asthma; beneficial comination with beta-2 agonist; limited role in COPD

38
Q

What are the important side effects for Ciclesonide

A

Less side effects than other corticosteroids (on site activation required)

39
Q

What is the class for Sodium cromoglycate; Nedocromil sodium

A

Anti-inflammatory agent

40
Q

What is the mechanism for Sodium cromoglycate; Nedocromil sodium

A

Prevent mast cell degranulation and mediator release from mast cells

41
Q

What are the therapeutics for Sodium cromoglycate; Nedocromil sodium

A

Prophylaxis for inhibiting both early and late phase reactions; best results in mild and allergic asthma

42
Q

What are the important side effects for Sodium cromoglycate; Nedocromil sodium

A

Minimal local side effect (cough & throat irritation)

43
Q

What is the class for Montelukast (Singulair); Pranlukast (Azlaire); Zafirlukast (Accolate)

A

Leukotriene inhibitor

44
Q

What is the mechanism for Montelukast (Singulair); Pranlukast (Azlaire); Zafirlukast (Accolate)

A

Leukotriene receptor antagonist

45
Q

What are the therapeutics for Montelukast (Singulair); Pranlukast (Azlaire); Zafirlukast (Accolate)

A

Add-on therapy in mild persistent asthma; aspirin-induced asthma; prophylaxis for exercise-induced bronchospasm

46
Q

What are the important side effects for Montelukast (Singulair); Pranlukast (Azlaire); Zafirlukast (Accolate)

A

Well tolerated

47
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Montelukast (Singulair); Pranlukast (Azlaire); Zafirlukast (Accolate)

A

Must monitor liver function test.

48
Q

What is the class for Zileuton (Zyflo)

A

Leukotriene inhibitor

49
Q

What is the mechanism for Zileuton (Zyflo)

A

Inhibits 5-lipoxygenase and blocks leukotriene synthesis

50
Q

What are the therapeutics for Zileuton (Zyflo)

A

Add-on therapy in mild persistent asthma; aspirin-induced asthma; prophylaxis for exercise-induced bronchospasm

51
Q

What are the important side effects for Zileuton (Zyflo)

A

Liver toxicity

52
Q

What is the class for Omalizumab

A

Anti-IgE mAB

53
Q

What is the mechanism for Omalizumab

A

Blocks IgE function.

54
Q

What are the therapeutics for Omalizumab

A

Poorly controlled severe asthma

55
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Omalizumab

A

Administered by subQ injection every 3 weeks

U4 Drug table (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions