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U4 Drug table > Anti-arrhythmics > Flashcards

Anti-arrhythmics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the class for Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide

A

Class IA anti-arrhythmics

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2
Q

What is the mechanism for Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide

A

Block inward potassium rectifying channel (slow rate) at normal concentrations; blocks sodium channels (fast rate) at high concentrations

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3
Q

What are the therapeutics for Quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide

A

Atrial fibrillation/flutter, paroxsymal supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia

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4
Q

What is the class for Lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide

A

Class IB anti-arrhythmics

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5
Q

What is the mechanism for Lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide

A

Block sodium channels in inactivated state mostly; no action on atrial tissue

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6
Q

What are the therapeutics for Lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide

A

Digitalis toxicity

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7
Q

What is the class for Flecainide, propafenone, moricizine

A

Class IC anti-arrhythmics

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8
Q

What is the mechanism for Flecainide, propafenone, moricizine

A

Sodium channel blockers (most potent in class I), acting as negative ionotrope

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9
Q

What are the therapeutics for Flecainide, propafenone, moricizine

A

Atrial fibrillation/flutter, paroxsymal supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia

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10
Q

What are the important side effects for Flecainide, propafenone, moricizine

A

Worsened heart failure, proarrhythmia in ischemic tissue, increased mortality

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11
Q

What is the class for Propanolol, carvedilol.

A

Class II anti-arrhythmics - beta blockers

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12
Q

What is the mechanism for Propanolol, carvedilol.

A

Blocks beta-adrenergic receptors; decrease SA, AV node activity (phase 4 depolarization)

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13
Q

What are the therapeutics for Propanolol, carvedilol.

A

Control of ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation/flutter; prevent or terminate SVTs

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14
Q

What are the important side effects for Propanolol, carvedilol.

A

Hypotension, brochospasm, bradycardia

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15
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Propanolol, carvedilol.

A

Decreases mortality in CHF.

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16
Q

What is the class for Sotalol, amiodarone, dofetilide, ibutelide, dronedarone

A

Class III anti-arrhythmics

17
Q

What is the mechanism for Sotalol, amiodarone, dofetilide, ibutelide, dronedarone

A

K channel blockade = prolongs refractoriness

18
Q

What are the therapeutics for Sotalol, amiodarone, dofetilide, ibutelide, dronedarone

A

Atrial fibrillation/flutter, paroxsymal supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia

19
Q

What are the important side effects for Sotalol, amiodarone, dofetilide, ibutelide, dronedarone

A

Torsades de Pointes; QT prolongation, pulmonary fibrosis, peripheral neuropathy, hepatic dysfunction

20
Q

What are the other side effects for Sotalol, amiodarone, dofetilide, ibutelide, dronedarone

A

Photosensitivity (blue-gray skin; numerous drug interactions

21
Q

What is the class for Nifedipine, amlodipine, felopidine, isradipine, veapamil, diltiazam.

A

Class IV anti-arrhythmics - calcium chanel blockers

22
Q

What is the mechanism for Nifedipine, amlodipine, felopidine, isradipine, veapamil, diltiazam.

A

Blockade of L-type calcium channels: slow SA & AV node activity; prolong AV refractoriness

23
Q

What are the therapeutics for Nifedipine, amlodipine, felopidine, isradipine, veapamil, diltiazam.

A

Prevent or terminate reentrant SVTs

24
Q

What are the important side effects for Nifedipine, amlodipine, felopidine, isradipine, veapamil, diltiazam.

A

Hypotension, bradycardia, constipation, dizziness

25
Q

What are the other side effects for Nifedipine, amlodipine, felopidine, isradipine, veapamil, diltiazam.

A

Increased serum digoxin levels

26
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Nifedipine, amlodipine, felopidine, isradipine, veapamil, diltiazam.

A

Contraindicated in WPW

27
Q

What is the class for Adenosine

A

Anti-arrhythmic

28
Q

What is the mechanism for Adenosine

A

Adenosine receptors in atrium, sinus node, AV node; activates K current, shortening AP, hyperpolarizing tissue, and slowing down automaticity and AV conduction

29
Q

What are the therapeutics for Adenosine

A

AF, paroxsymal supraventricular tachycardia

30
Q

What are the important side effects for Adenosine

A

Sedation, dyspnea, hypotension

31
Q

What is the class for Digoxin

A

Anti-arrhythmic

32
Q

What is the mechanism for Digoxin

A

Na/K pump inhibitor; slows AVN activity and conduction

33
Q

What are the therapeutics for Digoxin

A

Atrial fibrillation/flutter; chronic SVT

34
Q

What are the important side effects for Digoxin

A

Nausea, cognitive dysfunction, blurred or yellow vision

35
Q

What are the other side effects for Digoxin

A

May cause DAD arrhythmias

36
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Digoxin

A

Low therapeutic index

37
Q

What is the class for Magnesium sulfate

A

Anti-arrhythmic

38
Q

What are the therapeutics for Magnesium sulfate

A

Prevents recurrent TdP and some digitalis-induced arrhythmias

39
Q

What are the miscellaneous for Magnesium sulfate

A

Alternative to amiodarone for shock-refractory cardiac arrest.

U4 Drug table (7 decks)

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