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science > Asteroids, Comets, Meteors > Flashcards

Asteroids, Comets, Meteors Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

loose collections of ice, dust and small rocky particles whose orbits are usually very long narrow ellipses

A

Comets

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1
Q

comes from the greek word for hair

A

Comet

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2
Q

outer layer of the head

A

Coma (water vapor, CO2, and other gases

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3
Q

solid inner core

A

nucleus (Frozen ice, gas and dust)

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4
Q

T or F

As a comet approaches the sun and heats up, some of its gas and dust stream outward, forming a tail

A

T

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5
Q

2 tails of a comet

A

ion tail

dust tail

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6
Q

T or F

Tails point toward from the sun because of the force of the solar wind

A

F - away

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7
Q

Comets move in an __________ shaped orbit

A

elliptical

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8
Q

2 regions of the solar system where most comets are found

A

Kuiper Belt

Opet Cloud

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9
Q

extends beyond Neptune’s orbit to about 100 times Earth’s distance from the sun

A

Kuiper Belt

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10
Q

surrounds the solar system out to more than 1000 times between pluto and the sun

A

Oort cloud

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11
Q

most famous comet in history

A

Comet Halley

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13
Q

each time Halley’s orbit approaches the sun, its 15-km (9-mile) nucleus sheds about 6m (7 yards) of ice and rock into space. This debris forms am orbiting trail that when falling to Earth is called ________ meteor shower

A

Orionids

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14
Q

reappears every 76 years, its next appearance would be in 2061

A

Halley’s Comet

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15
Q

July 23, 1995- an unusually large and bright comet was seen outside of Jupiter’s orbit by Alan Hale of New Mexico and Thomas Bopp of Arizona

A

Comet Hale-Bopp

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16
Q

visible even through bright city skies and may have been the most viewed comet in record history

A

Comet Hale-Bopp

17
Q

It will not appear again for another 2,400 years

A

Comet Hale-Bopp

18
Q

January 30, 1996 - Yuji Hyakutake an amateur astronomer from southern japan discovered a new comet using a pair of binoculars

A

Comet Hyakutake

19
Q

Between July 16 and July 22 1994, more than 20 fragments of this comet collided with the planet Jupiter. Astronomers Carolyn and Eugene Shoemaker and Devid Levy discovered the comet in 1993. It was the first collision of two solar system bodies ever to be recorded

A

Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9

20
Q

launched in december 2004 and encountered comet tempel 1 on july 4, 2005- mission that studied and impacted comet tempel 1

A

Deep Impact Spacecraft

21
Q

small rocky space object

A

asteroids

22
Q

most asteroids are found in _________

A

asteroid belt

23
Q

The asteroid belt is located between _____ and _____

A

Mars; Jupiter

24
Q

T or F
There are about 40,000 known asteroids that are over 0.5 miles (1 km) in diameter in the asteroid belt. About 3000 have been cataloged

A

T

25
Q

Smaller asteroids are about ________

A

100,000

26
Q

made of metals, silicate, iron, nickel, and carbon

A

Asteroids

27
Q

first and the biggest asteroid discovered in 1801

A

Ceres

28
Q

T or F

Asteroids range in size from tiny pebbles to about 578 miles (930 km) in diameter (Ceres)

A

T

29
Q

T or F
Asteroids can be pulled out of their solar orbit by the gravitational pull of a planet. They would then orbit that planet instead of orbiting the Sun

A

T

30
Q

Two moons of Mars captured by asteroids

A

Phobos and Deimos

31
Q

Scientists hypothesize that one or more large asteroids hit the earth 6.5 million years ago and caused extinction of the dinosaurs

A

basahin mo

32
Q

What caused the largest mass extinction 250 million years ago killing 90% of all species?

A

a large asteroid

33
Q

first of NASA’s discovery missions and the first mission ever to go into orbit around an asteroid (launched 1996)

A

Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR)

34
Q

chunk of rock and dust in space

A

meteroid

35
Q

come from comets or asteroids

A

meteroids

36
Q

when a meteoroid enters earth’s atmosphere, friction with the air creates hear and produces a streak of light that you can see in the sky

A

Meteor

37
Q

meteoroid that enters earth’s atmosphere and burns up

A

meteor

38
Q

pass through the atmosphere and hit Earth’s surface

A

Meteorites

39
Q

meteoroids are classified by composition:

A

Stony
Iron
Stony-Iron

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