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ast-com-met Flashcards

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0
Q

largest asteroid and is about 1000 km in diameter

A

CERES

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1
Q

small rock bodies that have been likened to be flying mountains

A

ASTEROIDS

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2
Q

T or F

The smallest asteroids are assumed to be no larger than grains of sand

A

T

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3
Q

T or F

Most asteroids lie between the orbits earth and mars. They have orbital periods of 3 to 6 years

A

F - between Mars and Jupiter

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4
Q

Asteroids are also called _________, millions of rocks and metal fragments of various shapes and sizes that orbit the sun

A

Microplanets

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5
Q

First discovered in 1801

A

Ceres

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6
Q

completes a solar orbit every 14 years

A

Hidalgo

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7
Q

Trace an orbit similar to Jupiter’s one group in front of the planet another behind it

A

Trojans

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8
Q

Percentage of the total mass of the asteroids compared with the mass of the moon

A

15%

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9
Q

The open areas in the main asteroid belt are devoid of asteroids

A

Kirkwood gaps

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10
Q

A ____________ is smaller than the moon is broken up by a ________ collision and additional collisions yield asteroids that bombard Earth

A

Planetoid, Giant

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11
Q

T or F

Many asteroids have irregular shapes.

A

T

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12
Q

Asteroid 951, also called as _________ is probably the fragment of a larger body that was torn apart by a collision

A

Gaspra

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13
Q

Moon of Asteroid Ida

A

moon Dactyl

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14
Q

three types of asteroids

A

Siliceous
Carbonaceous
Metallic

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15
Q

an asteroid 35 miles (56 km) long its surface is marked by collisions with other bodies

A

Asteroid Ida with moon Dactyl

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16
Q

Most interesting amd unpredictable bodies in the solar system

A

Comets

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17
Q

pieces of rocky and metallic materials held together by frozen gases, such as water, ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide

A

Comets

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18
Q

comets that leave their original orbits amd approach the Sun generally settle into new trajectories

A

Periodic Comets

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19
Q

formed by the nucleus amd the coma

A

head

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20
Q

front part of the head of a comet

A

impact front

21
Q

envelops the nucleus, formed by the gases and dust that it releases

A

Coma

22
Q

frozen water, methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia, rock and dust

A

Nucleus

23
Q

the trail of suspended gases generates a low intensity, luminous region w/ a bluish color. the gas molecules lose an electron and therefore have an electric charge

A

Ion tail

24
Q

suspended dust particles trail behimd the comet, reflecting sunlight and making the luminous tail visible

A

Dust tail

25
Q

can measure 62, 000 miles (100, 000 km) or more im diameter

A

Head

26
Q

T or F
because of the effects of solar radiation and the solar wind, gases and dust are released from an accelerating comet. the dust particles tend to form a curving tail, which is less sensitive to the pressure of the solar wind. As the comet leaves, the confines of the solar system, its tail coincide once more but they disappear as the nucleus cools down and ceases releasing gases

A

T

27
Q

orbits around the sun that are shorter than 200 years

A

comets with short periods

28
Q

T or F

Those with a period of more than 200 years travel tens or hundreds of times farther from the sun than pluto

A

T

29
Q

T or F

As the comet moves closer to the sun, its tail disappears

A

F - away from the sun

30
Q

T or F

close to the sun,the tail reach maximum length

A

T

31
Q

glowing head

A

coma

32
Q

T or F

the tail of a comet points away from the sun

A

T

33
Q

two solar forces are known to contribute to the fact that comets’s tail points away from the sun

A

Radiation pressure

Solar wind

34
Q

pushes dust particles away from the coma

A

Radiation pressure

35
Q

responsible for moving ionized gases, particularly carbon monoxide

A

Solar wind

36
Q

T or F
as a comet moves away from the sun, the gases forming the coma recondense, the tail disappears, amd the comet returns to cold storage

A

T

37
Q

T or F

Most comets cannot survive more than a few hundred close orbits of the sun

A

T

38
Q

short orbital periods are thought to orbit beyond Neptune in a region called ________

A

Kuiper belt

39
Q

T or F
Like the asteroids in the inner solar system, most kuiper belt comets move in nearly circular orbits that lie roughly in the same plane as the planets

A

T

40
Q

comets appear to be distributed in all directions from the sun, forming a spherical shell around the solar system called __________

A

oort cloud

41
Q

small solid particle that travels through space

A

Meteoroid

42
Q

3 sources of meteoroid

A

1) interplanetary debris that was not gravitationally swept upcbu the planets during the formation of the solar system
2) material from the asteroid belt
3) solid remains of comets that once traveled mear Earth’s orbit

43
Q

T or F
few meteoroids are believed to be fragments of the moon or possibly mars, that were ejected when am asteroid impacted these bodies

A

T

44
Q

Those that do enter the earth’s atmosphere amd burn up are called _________. The light that we see is caused by __________ betweem the particle and the air, which produces heat.

A

Meteors, friction

45
Q

results when earth encounters a swam of meteoroids travelimg in the same directiom and at mearly the same speed as earth

A

meteor showers

46
Q

T or F
the notable perseid meteor showers occur each year around august 12 amd is believed to be the remains of the comet 1862 III

A

T

47
Q

a meteoroid that actually reaches the earth’s surface

A

Meteorite

48
Q

meteorites contaim silicate minerals, they are subdivided into chondrites and anchondrites

A

Stony

49
Q

meteorites contain a high percemtage of iron and nickel compounds. they are created in the rupture of asteroids

A

Iron

50
Q

contains similar quantities of iron, nickel and silicates

A

Mesosiderites

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