Assumption & Weakening Q

Question 1

Assumptions

Answer 1

simply remember that an assumption is a premise that was left out of the argument.
- Forgotten premise

Question 2

Assumptions are premises and the weaknesses of an argument

Answer 2

Assumptions are premises and the weaknesses of an argument

Question 3

AN ARGUMENT IS GOOD

Answer 3

“Good” simply describes how well the premises support the conclusion. In other words, “good” describes the strength of the support relationship between the premises and the conclusion. Just how “good” can the relationship be? Until it becomes perfect, of course. When that happens, it is said that the argument is valid.

Question 4

Bad Assumptions

Answer 4

• Bad ones make very many and highly uncertain assumptions. Hence, their premises weakly support their conclusion, if at all.
• An argument is good to the extent to which its premises support its conclusion. The more assumptions an argument makes, the weaker the support the premises give to the conclusion and thus, the weaker the argument.

Question 5

the more assumption that you have the weaker the argument

Answer 5

the more assumption that you have the weaker the argument

Question 6

the fewer assumptions that you have the stronger the argument become

Answer 6

the fewer assumptions that you have the stronger the argument become

Question 7

Weakening Questions

Answer 7

• when you are asked to weaken an argument, you are asked to thin out the beam.
• With the correct answer choice, you are demonstrating that despite the premises being true, it is now way less supportive of the conclusion being true.
• Weakening questions ask you to weaken the argument. That means to weaken the relationship between the premises and conclusion. That relationship is the support relationship. That means you are to make the premises less supportive of the conclusion.

Question 8

Weakening Stems

Answer 8

• Which one of the following, if true, is the logically strongest counter that Albert can make to Erin’s argument?
• Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?
• Which one of the following, if true, most weakens the argument?
• Which one of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the conclusion drawn in the argument above?
• Which one of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument in the newspaper article?

Question 9

Important

Answer 9

provide a new piece of info that leaves argument to interact but you want to weaken the argument
- you’re not attacking the premises nor the conclusion, you’re attacking the support

Question 10

weakening

Answer 10

bottom - up

Question 11

be aware of the ctx and premises conclusion

Answer 11

the conclusion (find the gap  between the conclusion and premise) 
- contradict the support given on the argument

Question 12

based on the conclusion, ask..

Question the conclusion

Answer 12

• what if…

- Yeah but….

Question 13

identify conclusion

Answer 13

• be careful with identifying conclusion

Question 14

Conclusions

Answer 14

• can be long

Question 15

With argumental that use more complex context read them twice or break sentences apart

Answer 15

With argumental that use more complex context read them twice or break sentences apart

Question 16

Weakening except

Answer 16

• circle all the weakening answer choices

Question 17

Weakening

Answer 17

• undermines the conclusion

Question 18

Do not attack the premises

Answer 18

Do not attack the premises

Question 19

Assumptions

Answer 19

• introduce new ideas

Question 20

Causation

Answer 20

• there is another reason.
• A> B but there must be something else
• there is something else besides the premise and the conclusion that are causing the effect.
• in addition to one cause there must be another.

Question 21

Causation

Answer 21

• Yeah but is that why….