Asssignment

Question 1

Title

Answer 1

The effect of substrate concentration on enzymes

Question 2

Aim

Answer 2

To investigate the effect of substrate concentration on enzyme activity

Question 3

3 main paragraph for underlying biology

Answer 3

•Enzymes, what they do, and presence absense, presence removal,
•Active site, facilitates, specific, affinity
•Inhibitors, competitive, non competitive

Question 4

Underlying biology paragraph 1

Answer 4

• enzymes are biological catalysts which are used in metabolic pathways to make the pathways more efficient
• they do this by lowering activation energy needed for reactions to occur
  -Presence or A of certain enzymes + regulation of rate of reaction controls metabolic pathways
  P of substrate or Removal of end product drives pathways in a certain direction

Question 5

Underlying biology paragraph 2

Answer 5

-On the surface of an enzyme there is a flexible hollow called the active site.
-facilitates the reactions and is where substrate binds
-Specific to its substrate and will have high affinity to sub
- affinity is the chemical attraction between two or more molecules or substrates
-however once reaction has taken place low affinity and released

Question 6

Underlying biology 3

Answer 6

Inhibitors are molecules which decrease enzyme activity and directly control mp
- they do this by reducing or stopping the subs ability to bind
- two types, competitive, competes, similar shape, reversible
- however non competitive are irreversible, this is because bind to allosteric site which is on another part of the enzyme, changes shape of A S, stops enzyme reactions completely

Question 7

Description of experiment

Answer 7

In each of the 5 measuring cylinders there was different set concentrations of HP (sub) solutions.
- set volumes fairy and catalase (enzyme) added to first test tube (using pipette)? -Stopwatch started for set time, after set time volume foam produced measured w ruler and noted
-Process repeated 3 times for each HP Con

Question 8

Experimental data

Answer 8

Raw data
T1- 0=cm3
Etc
raw data continued - basic table
Results table - average and ror added cm3/s

Calculations

Average- sum of all numbers for test divided by amount of numbers

Ror - average divided by set time

Question 9

Analysis

Answer 9

From the results I have gathered it is clear that the sub con affects the volume of foam produced and therefore ror
-I have calculated % increase in the ror from lowest con - highest
- % increase = difference / original x 100
- this shows the reaction rate increased by _ % as hp increased from 10-50%

The results from internet source show similar findings
This reveals that it is sub con which impacts enzyme activity

Question 10

Conclusion

Answer 10

As sub (hp) is increased, enzyme activity increased too. This conclusion is shown by volume of foam increasing with every increase in hp. The more foam produced in a. Test the higher the enzyme activity

Question 11

Evaluation

Answer 11

• Reliable- results very similar all 3 times I repeated test for each concentration
  Further supported by similarity in results to source
• fairly valid (or not) as used a different clean pipette for every time I inserted fairy or catalase to measuring cylinder
  Rules out cross contamination
• to improve validity could of added set volumes of a suitable buffer solution, insuring ph is controlled constant. Rule out any chance of ph affecting enzyme activity as it is a factor