Assorted Pertinent Topics - Part 1 of 2 Flashcards
What research study examines a group studied over a prolonged time period? (6x)
COHORT
Which statistical method attempts to address the effects of participants dropping out of a study prior to completion? (6x)
LAST OBSERVATION CARRIED FORWARD
Groups of pts w/ MDD, dysthymic d/o, and adjustment d/o were given mood scales. In order to compare the means of scores of these three groups, most appropriate statistical methods is: (3x)
ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
A case-control study would be appropriate in answering an epidemiological question when the (x3):
INCIDENCE OF THE DISEASE IS LOW
What most seriously threatens the external validity of a research study? (3x)
A STUDY POPULATION THAT IS NOT REPRESENTATIVE OF THE POPULATION TO BE TREATED
Test measures what it is supposed to measure (x3)
VALIDITY
Which of the following is the major negative aspect of crossover designs for research studies? (3x)
RESIDUAL EFFECTS
What is the method for estimating sample size required to detect statistical effects of defined size for variables with well-known variances is referred to as which of the following types of analysis (x3)?
POWER
What is used to report the deviation of a value from its group mean, expressed in standard deviation units? (2x)
Z SCORE
5 y/o boy becomes restless, impulsive, and difficult to manage when not given sufficient exercise. Teacher gives him increased motor activity, and his behavior improves. This is an example of: (2x)
GOODNESS OF FIT
A group of researchers studied the temperament of a group of children at age 3 months, 2 years, 5 years, and 20 years to determine relationships between initial temperamental characteristics of children who eventually had psychiatric problems. This is an example of what type of study? (2x)
COHORT
Which of the following types of studies is best suited to determine prevalence? (2x)
CROSS SECTIONAL
A rating instrument is said to have high reliability when which of the following properties is demonstrated: (x2)
RATINGS ARE SIMILAR AMONG DIFFERENT RATERS.
The purpose of designing study to use the double blind method is to (x2):
ELIMINATE BIAS DUE TO EXAMINER EXPECTATIONS
A test that detects 98% of the people who have a disease, but also provides a false positive result for many of the people without the disease, would have a: (x2)
HIGH SENSITIVITY AND LOW SPECIFICITY
A researcher wants to compare a new atypical antipsychotic medication to the already existing atypical antipsychotics. The researcher wants to conduct the study in routine clinical situations rather than using highly selected subjects. Which of the following study designs would be the most appropriate? (x2)
EFFECTIVENESS
RTC where pt receives one med for 8 weeks, then break 4 weeks, then another med for 8 weeks. what kind of study?
CROSSOVER
New instrument for PTSD does not ask about traumatic event. Raises which concern about validity?
CONTENT
Difference between incidence rates
ATTRIBUTABLE RISKS
Study design that answers whether exposure to a drug increases risk of an adverse side effect
COHORT
Study type to measure if genetic test is accurate to make dx
CROSS-SECTIONAL
“Two-hit” model = predisposing environmental factors combined with genetic risk
MONOZYGOTIC TWINS ARE DISCORDANT FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA
The concept of lifetime prevalence refers to the number of persons:
MEASURED AT A POINT IN TIME, WHO HAD A D/O AT SOME POINT DURING THEIR LIVES.
Examine relationship between exposure and effect by comparing patients with effect to patients without effect, assessing for prior exposure. Type of study?
CASE-CONTROL