Association Cortex Flashcards
What is considered cognition?
selective attention to external sitmuli and internal motivation
recognition and identification of stimuli
planning responses to stimuli
What is the cognitive function of the parietal lobe?
attend to complex stimuli in the external and internal environment
What is the cognitive function of the temporal lobe?
identifying the nature of complex info and matching it to a stored template
What is the cognitive function of the frontal lobe?
planning and executing a behavioral response to stimuli
What part of the brain is considered uniquely you?
associative cortex
The (blank) is the cerebral cortex outside the primary areas. It is essential for mental functions that are more complex than detecting basic dimensions of sensory stimulation, for which primary sensory areas appear to be necessary.
associative cortex
Disruption of what lobe will causes deficits in selective attention?
parietal lobe
Recognition is associated with which part of you brain?
temporal lobe (right and left)
Planning is associted with which part of your brain?
frontal lobe
What is the most common stroke? What part of the brain does this effect?
middle cerebral artery stroke
parietal temporal lobe
(blank) is a part of the cerebral cortex concerned with sight and hearing in mammals, regarded as the most recently evolved part of the cortex.
neocortex
(blank) is the olfactory cortex of the cerebrum
paleocortex
Lateralization of the brain becomes more prominent towards the (anterior/posterior) part of the brain.
posterior
T/F it is easy to determine the difference between a right or left frontal lobe injury?
F, because the frontal lobe is anterior, there is less cross over
T/F it is easy to determine the difference between a right or left parietal injury?
T, because the parietal lobe is posterior so there is prominant lateralization
What are effects of lesions to the right parietal lobe?
spatial distribution of attention
contralateral neglect syndrome
disruption in spatial frame of reference
What is contralateral neglect syndrome?
it is where you have a parietal lobe injury and you do not recognize one side of the universe even exists
Is contralateral neglect syndrome usually with the left side of the body or the right?
right side, i.e they can recognize the right side of the world but not the left side
if a patient draws half a house what do they have?
contralateral neglect syndrom due to a parietal lobe injury
Is spatial distrubtion of attention predominantly right or left hemisphere?
right hemisphere
Why do you usually have left neglect rather than right neglect?
because the right hemisphere will cover both the right and left hemisphere so if you knock out the left hemisphere your right hemisphere will have you covered, but if you knock out your right hemisphere you will only be able to see the right side of the world (cuz thats all the left hemisphere gives you)
Whats the only way you can get right neglect?
if you damage both hemispheres of the parietal lobe
Whats object agnosia?
you cant recognize objects
How can you get objects agnosia?
right temporal lobe lesion
What is this:
an inability to recognize the faces of familiar people, typically as a result of damage to the brain.
prosopagnosia
How can you get prospagnosia?
lesion of right temporal lobe
(blank) is a partial object agnosia in which the failure is in the ability to identify individual members of a category or set while retaining the ability to identify the category
Prosopagnosia
What happens if you have a right frontal lesion?
aprosodias
“missing the point”
motor program deficits
(blank) is a neurological condition characterized by the inability of a person to properly convey or interpret emotional prosody. Prosody in language refers to the ranges of rhythm, pitch, stress, intonation, etc.
aprosodias
What happens if you have a lesion to the left frontal lobe?
expressive aphasias (can use words with emotions like swear words but other words come out with great effort) motor program deficits (typically dyspraxia i.e no language deficit just problem making speech)
How can you tell if someone has dyspraxia versus aphasia?
they cant write if they have aphasia
Do women or men recover better from strokes?
women
(blank) is a form of aphasia in which the patient is unable to recall the names of everyday objects.
anomia
When can you get anomia?
if you have a left temporal lesion
What happens if you have a left parietal lesion?
receptive aphasia (temporal-parietal border)
acalculia
right-left confusion
Left parietal zone is specialized for (blank)
lanugage
Wernickes aphasia is what kind of aphasia?
receptive aphasia (cant understand what people are saying)
What happens when you get damage to your frontal lobe?
loss of ability to form or follow plans (thus overreactive to immediate stimuli)
defects in the impulse to act (too much or too little)
dysexecutive syndrome
apparent loss of motivation
disinhibition
What can huffing cause?
Damage to frontal lobe :(
What happened to the guy that had the bar through his frontal lobe?
he lost inhibition and control, i.e. his personality changed, but his functionality was fine
Why were frontal lobotomies (leukotomy) popular?
made people docile
(blank) involves the compromise of essential language (symbolic) functions while leaving sensory and motor components of verbal (and written) communication intact
Aphasia
What is expressive aphasia?
broca’s aphasia (understand but cant express speech)
What is receptive aphasia?
wernickes aphasia (speech is fluent, dont make sense, dont understand)
What is a rare diconnection aphasia?
conduction aphasia
What is this:
An acquired language disorder, it is characterized by intact auditory comprehension, fluent (yet paraphasic) speech production, but poor speech repetition)
conduction aphasia
Where is brocas area?
frontal lobe
Where is wernickes area?
temporal/parietal border
What are these: Post mortem studies Commissurectomies (split brain studies) Sodium amytal Electrical stimulation of surgical patients Structural imaging Functional imaging A note with regard to false color
ways to establish lateralization
Whats worrisome about false color? How does it work?
you can distort data and use it for abuse :(
gives a certain density a color
What hemisphere does this:
analysis of right visual field
left hemisphere function
What hemisphere does this:
sterogenosis (right hand)?
left hemisphere function
What hemisphere does this:
lexical and synatic language
left hemisphere function
What hemisphere does this:
writing, speech?
left hemisphere function
What hemisphere does this:
analysis of left visual field
stereogenesis (left hand)
right hemisphere
What hemisphere does this:
emotional coloring of language
right hemisphere
What hemisphere does this:
spatial abilities
rudimentary speech
right hemisphere
In split brain indiviuals, when you put an item in their right visual field they were (not able/ able) to say what they saw.
Able! because their left hemisphere does speech (however if you put an object on your left visual field they couldnt say it but may be able to draw it)
How can normal people see something in their left visual field and still be able to say whay they saw?
because the corpus collusum allows for communcation between hemispheres
Where do you find asymmetry in thre brain that is found near the wernicks area, it allows hetermodul info to converge here?
What does it do exactly?
planum temporal
(there is also a smaller one near brocas area)
we dont know!!!!
Left handedness is associated with greater (blank) as opposed to superiority or inferiority of a given talent, skill, or disability
variability
