Assistive devices Flashcards
What are the six functions for assistive devices
Decrease Lorex Germany join forces provide aid for muscular weakness provide aid for joint instability decrease fatigue and increased base of support increased dynamic stability
What are four types of single end canes
Pistol handle shovel handle offset curved half circle or J handle
What is a downside of a hemi walker
Teaches a leaning gate pattern
What is the order that you do leg movements with a hemi walker
Hemi walker affected leg not affected leg
How do you measure for a cane
Play 6 inches from lateral border toes with 20 to 30° of elbow flexion top of hand grip at approximately the ulnar styloid process
What are the different types of crutches
Axillary loft strand also have a platform attachment option
What is the collies fracture
A fracture to the distal radius you cannot give them normal axillary crutches if this
How do you fit for crutches standing
Elbow should be 20 to 30° of flexion axillary bar to inches below axilla and 2 inches lateral and 6 inches anterior to the middle of the foot
How do you measure for crutches if the person is supine
Lay them down and place them 6 to 8 inches lateral from the heel
What are some muscles used during crutches
Shoulder depressor’s shoulder add doctors shoulder flexors elbow extensors wrist flexors extra music finger and thumb flexors
How many inches of space should there be between the patient’s arm pit and the crutch
2 inches
One fitting axillary crutches and standing where should the crutch tips be placed
2 inches lateral and 6 inches anterior to the patients foot
What are some pros and cons of loft strand crutches
The pro is they are more mobile arms are free and there is no axillary compression the cons is all force is through the hand they are not as stable and they are more difficult to use.
Where should loft strand crutches be placed at the elbow
1 to 1 1/2 inches below the elbow or at the proximal 1/3 of the forearm
What is a con of a standard walker
It does not allow for a reciprocal gait pattern
What is another name for a cardiac walker
And EVA walker
Why would someone use a cardiac walker
If they have sternal precautions and it can keep the arms in neutral
What is a rear or reverse walker used for
Usually for children because it doesn’t limit stride and helps keep them up right and they can get closer to people tables etc.
What kind of assistive device would you use for a 65-year-old woman who had a stroke 10 years ago who has difficulty shifting her weight
A quad cane or possible hemi-walker
What kind of assistive device would you use for an 83-year-old with balance issues and gets tired walking two blocks
A four wheeled walker
What assistive device would you use for a 75-year-old with mild balance issues has some falls and likes to furniture walk
A single end cane
What kind of assistive device would you use for a 16-year-old who broke their left ankle nonweightbearing but an active individual
Axillary crutches
What kind of assistive device would you use for an eight-year-old with spina bifida but is having a hard time keeping up with friends
Loft strand crutches
What kind of assistive device would you use for a 62-year-old total knee who is sedentary
A front wheeled walker
What is the definition of minimum assistance
Patient does 75 percent or more physical therapist is 25 percent or less
What is the definition of moderate assistance
Participant does 50 to 75 percent physical therapist does 25 to 50 percent
What is the definition of maximum assistance
Participant does 25 to 50 percent physical therapist is 50 to 75 percent
What is the definition of total assistance or dependent
Participant does less than 25 percent or the physical therapist does more than 75 percent
What is the definition of independent
The person is able to consistently and safely perform the skill with or without assistive devices aids modifications or cues
What is the definition of modified independence
The patient may need more time safety or an assistive device is needed
What is the definition of supervision or standby assistance
Someone needs to be within arms reach as a precaution it is a low probability that the patient will have a problem requiring assistance so no contact is necessary you can queue the item instead of the device
What is the definition of contact guard assist
Contact with the patient at gate belt but no assistance although there is a high probability of the patient requiring assistance
What is the correct therapist guarding technique
Physical therapist and posterior and lateral to the patient weak side maintaining a wide base of support move their lead leg with the device keeping one hand on the gate belt and the other hand anterior to the patient shoulder on the affected side
What is instructional sequence for assistive devices
Verbal instructions and demonstration ask if they have any questions provided verbal queuing and exclamations give feedback mental rehearsal review as needed
How do you do sit to stand with the single end cane
Scoot forward put the cane resting on the chair or held in the hand on the uninvolved side stand using the armrests and grasp of the cane
How do you go from standing to sitting with the single and cane
Turn toward the uninvolved leg back up into the legs touch the chair reach back with the uninvolved side first then reach with the other hand
How do you do a sit to stand with crutches
Crutches together on the involves side lean forward and push off place the crutch under the uninvolved side first then place a garage under the involves side assume tripod stands
How do you go from standing to sitting with crutches
Turn toward the uninvolved leg back up in to the legs took the chair move both crutches to the involves side and please see involved side hand on the crutches and the other hand on the armrest
How do you do is sit to stand with the Walker
Scoot forward put the walker in front of the chair lean forward and push up using the armrests and then reach for the Walker one hand at a time one standing
