assessment and methods

Question 1

self-report questionnaires

Answer 1

questionnaire that gets people to report on their own personalities by rating themselves on a list of adjectives or statements

Question 2

problem with self-report questionnaires

Answer 2

may be biased through socially desirable responding

Question 3

likert scale

Answer 3

a range of numbers that cirrespond with how much a person agrees or disagrees with an item

Question 4

reverse-score items

Answer 4

items scored in the opposite direction of responses, whch prevents acquiescence response set (tendency to agree with/ go along with the statements/items)

Question 5

correlation

Answer 5

relationship between 2 things/variables

Question 6

positive correlation

Answer 6

as one variable increases, so does the other

Question 7

negative correlation

Answer 7

as one variable increases, the other decreases

Question 8

null correlation

Answer 8

no relationship

Question 9

correlation range

Answer 9

-1 to +1

Question 10

reliability

Answer 10

consistency of a personality scale

Question 11

internal reliability

Answer 11

items on a scale/test measure the same thing

Question 12

chronbach’s alpha

Answer 12

average of the correkations between all items on a scale/test

should be at least 0.70

Question 13

test-retest reliability

Answer 13

consistency of a person’s scores when they re-take a scale/test

Question 14

intercoder reliability

Answer 14

consistency of coding by researchers measuring the same behaviours or written responses

Question 15

validity

Answer 15

accuracy of a personality scale

Question 16

face validity

Answer 16

items on a scale appear to be accurate

Question 17

convergent validity

Answer 17

scale correlates with similar scales

Question 18

predictive validity

Answer 18

when a scale can predict a related outcome or behaviour

Question 19

discriminant validity

Answer 19

scale doesnt correlate with dissimilar scales

Question 20

Marlowe-Crowne scale

Answer 20

measures a person’s need for social approval/social desirability

how much you want to be socially desirable, not actually how socially despirable you really are

Question 21

informant reports

Answer 21

person cannot fill out a self-rport questionnaire so someone does it on their behalf

Question 22

clinical interviews

Answer 22

to diagnose a personality disorder

Question 23

projective tests examples

Answer 23

rorshach test
TAT (thematic apperception test)

Question 24

repressive coping

Answer 24

people who score high on Marlowe-Crowne test often score low on self-reported anxiety, however, they show higher degrees of anxiety through physiological measures such as high blood pressure and high heart rate

Question 25

does correlation show cause and effect

Answer 25

NOPE confounding variables, unsure which one causes which without experiements