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Small mammals > Assessment 2 - Digestion and feeding small mammals > Flashcards

Assessment 2 - Digestion and feeding small mammals Flashcards

1
Q

Myomorphs & sciuromoph digestive system (6)

A
  1. Omnivorous
  2. Simple stomachs (x hamsters with 2 part stomachs)
  3. Cannot vomit - Muscle ridge between oesophagus & stomach
  4. Long intestine: digestion of plant material
  5. Caecum: small
  6. Coprophagia (vit B)
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2
Q

Hystricomorph digestive system (6)

A
  1. Can’t synthesis Vit C
  2. Difficulty digesting sugars
  3. Monogastric herbivore
  4. Caecotrophy and coprophagy
  5. Long intestinal tract
  6. Large caecum
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3
Q

Lagomorph Digestive system 3+2

A

Caecotrophy
Large coiled caecum
Can’t vomit
–
Simple stomach (reservoir - never empty)
Long intestinal tract

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4
Q

Caecotrophy (4)

A
  1. Indigestible fibres are excreted as hard faecal pellets
  2. Digestible fibre is moved via peristalsis
  3. Then turns back (at the colonic separation mechanism) to the caecum for fermentation and to absorb more nutrients and add water to the caecotrophs
  4. Caecotrophs then go back down regular peristalsis and are encapsulated with mucus by goblet cells and expelled for the rabbit to re-ingest and referment
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5
Q

Hedgehog digestive system 2+2

A

Need chitin
No caecum
–
Short intestinal tract
Simple stomach

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6
Q

Ferret digestive system (5)

A

Need taurine + Vit A & E
No Caecum
—
1. Stomach small but can stretch
2. Very short digestive tract

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7
Q

Herbivore digestive system - General (4)

A
  1. Teeth adapted for grinding down plant matter
  2. Long intestinal tract - plant matter takes longer to break down
  3. Presence of caecum - to digest plant matter
  4. Most unable to vomit
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8
Q

Carnivore digestive system - General (4)

A
  1. Teeth adapted for tearing meat
  2. Short intestinal tract
  3. No Caecum
  4. Able to vomit
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9
Q

Rats’ diets (4)

A

Omnivores
Coprophagic
No metal bowls
Crepuscular
–
1. Omnivores
2. Crepuscular
3. Drink overnight
4. Need ceramic bowls - don’t like metal sounds
5. Fearful of changes
6. Coprophagic

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10
Q

Mice diets 3

A

Need magnesium, Vit A, Chlorine

Folic acid needed if reproducing

Coprophagic (for B12 and folic acid)

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11
Q

Toxic for mice (5)

A
  1. Grapes/ raisins
  2. Rhubarb
  3. Walnuts

Can cause digestive issues:
Lettuce (diarrhoea)
Citrus fruit

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12
Q

Wild mice (3)

A
  1. Eat 15/20 times a day
  2. Hoard
  3. Cannibalism if desperate
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13
Q

Hamster diets 3+2

A

Lots of Hay
Fruit and veg
Toxic: grapes and rhubarb
—
1. Need complete food
2. Pellets preferred

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14
Q

Wild hamsters (4)

A
  1. Travel long distances to forage
  2. Food stored in cheeks
  3. Much larger than pets
  4. Crepuscular
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15
Q

Gerbils’ diet (4)

A

Omnivores
Complete food pellets
Scatter feeding
Sunflower seeds = fattening
–
1. Omnivores
2. Complete gerbil food - pellets
3. Scatter feeding important
4. Hoarders
5. Pumpkin seeds = treat
6. Sunflower seeds = fattening

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16
Q

Wild gerbils (3)

A

Hoard and store
Mostly Herbs
Different diet: winter vs summer
—
1. Eat mostly herbs
2. Can hoard up to 1.5Kg of grains
3. Gather food during day to store
4. Can store food for winter
5. Summer: fresh greens, seeds and insects
6. Winter: seeds and fruits

17
Q

Guinea pigs’ diet (3)

A

Can’t synthesise Vitamin C
Caecotrophy
Hay
—
1. Herbivores
2. Lots of hay (80%)
3. Fresh grass and veggies daily
4. Small amounts of pellets
5. Can’t synthesise Vitamin C
6. Caecotrophy

18
Q

Sources of vitamin C

A

Broccoli
Parsley
Kale
Spinach
Asparagus

Peppers
Tomatoes

19
Q

Wild guinea pigs (4)

A

Crepuscular
Caecotrophs
Need to forage
Herbivores

20
Q

Chinchilla diets (3)

A

Need pellets
Hay
Caecotrophs
–
1. Need unltd access to hay
2. Use front paws to eat
3. Need complete chinchilla pellets
4. Caecotroph
5. Eat for long periods of time (mostly overnight)
6. Fresh greens as treats

21
Q

Wild chinchillas (6)

A
  1. Wild chinchillas = omnivores
  2. Pet chinchillas = herbivores
  3. Eat birds, insects, grass, seeds etc..
  4. Drink a lot less water bcs they absord a lot of water from plants they eat
  5. Diets much higher in sugar and fat
  6. Crepuscular
22
Q

Degus’ diets (3)

A

No molasses
Coprophagic
Herbivores
–
1. Herbivores
2. Need high fibre diets: lots of hay
3. Can have leafy veg
4. Complete degu nuggets can be used
5. Need a diet low in sugar/fat: prone to diabetes
6. NO molasses
7. Coprophagic

23
Q

Wild degus

A
  1. High fibre diet
  2. Crepuscular
  3. In winter: only forage in the sun
  4. Store food in burrows
  5. Coprophagic
  6. Eat more than pet degus
24
Q

Chipmunk diets

A
  1. Omnivores
  2. 50% of diet = cereals
  3. Fruit, veg, unsalted nuts = treats
  4. Caecotroph
25
Q

Wild chipmunks

A
  1. Feed at least 6x a day
  2. Forages and stores food in burrow
  3. Food stored in separate food rooms to eat in winter
  4. Sleep a lot in winter
  5. Crepuscular
26
Q

Ferret dietary restrictions

A
  1. Lactose intolerant
  2. Cannot diget carbohydrate
  3. Vegetables can cause bladder stones, gastro, reproduct. prblms ….
  4. Need amino acid and taurins
27
Q

Wild hedgehogs

A
  1. Need chitin
  2. Eat worms, slugs, snails, mice, baby birds, bird eggs
  3. Most active at night and will eat food left ou by humans

Small mammals (6 decks)

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