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Health Assessment NUR302 (12/22) > Assessing the Head & Neck > Flashcards

Assessing the Head & Neck Flashcards

1
Q

what are the palpebral fissures

A

the opening between the eyelids

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2
Q

what are the nasolabial folds

A

creases from the nose to the corner of the mouth

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3
Q

what is an ecchymotic area also known as?

A

a bruise

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4
Q

What indicates trauma to the head?

A

lumps, protrusions, or sunken areas in the skull. Ecchymotic areas indicate recent trauma.

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5
Q

What do areas of patchy hair loss indicate on the head?

A

The presence of an autoimmune inflammatory disorder

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6
Q

What can edema around the eyes, cheeks, and overall facial features indicate

A

trauma, infection, and heart problems

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7
Q

what can the presence of coarse facial hair on a female indicate?

A

The presence of a hormonal or endocrine disorder

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8
Q

what is Pediculus hamanus capitis

A

Small, oval, white particles attached to the hair strands that indicate the presence of head lice

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9
Q

What are the two neck muscles?

A

trapezius and sternocleidomastoid

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10
Q

where is the trachea located

A

positioned midline and above the suprasternal notch

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11
Q

What does the trachea been shifted away from the midline indicate

A

It is associated with a mass in the neck or chest disorders

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12
Q

what does limited range of motion or pain in neck movement indicate

A

A systemic infection in the spine or a musculoskeletal disorder 
Tension
Meningitis

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13
Q

What can swelling on the anterior portion of the neck indicate?

A

A disorder of the thyroid gland

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14
Q

what can visible lymph nodes indicate?

A

An infection or possibly a malignancy (cancer)

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15
Q

What can difficulty swallowing indicate

A

Inflammation or central nervous system disorder

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16
Q

How do you check for jugular vein distention

A

Look above the sternocleidomastoid, and look for a lump

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17
Q

what can jugular vein distention indicate

A

Heart failure

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18
Q

What are the medical guidelines in terms medication administration for someone who cannot swallow

A

nothing by mouth

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19
Q

What are the major veins/arteries in the head/neck?

A

internal jugular veins and carotid arteries

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20
Q

What is the largest endocrine gland?

A

The thyroid gland

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21
Q

What does the thyroid gland consist of?

A

to lateral lobes next to esophagus and trachea, covered by sternomastoid muscles

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22
Q

What is the thyroid test?

A

have patient swallow, and there should not be any lumps or feel “bubbly”

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23
Q

what part of the stethoscope do you use to listen to the thyroid

A

the bell

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24
Q

how do you palpate the lymph nodes? 

A

Move the skin in little round circles

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25
Q

what does a deviated trachea indicate?

A

There could be a problem with the lungs or heart

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26
Q

what is the lymph node called at the top of the ear

A

Preauricular lymph node

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27
Q

What is a lymph node called directly behind the ear?

A

posterior auricular/postauricular lymph node

28
Q

what is a lymph node called at the base of the ear?

A

Tonsillar lymph node

29
Q

what is the lymph node called underneath the jaw?

A

Submandibular lymph node

30
Q

what is a lymph node called underneath the chin

A

sub mental

31
Q

What is the lymph node called at the base of the back of the head?

A

occipital lymph node

32
Q

what is the lymph node called higher up on the sternomastoid muscle?

A

Superficial cervical lymph node

33
Q

what is the lymph node called lower on the sternomastoid muscle

A

Deep, cervical chain, lymph node

34
Q

What are the bottom to lymph nodes called?

A

Posterior cervical and supraclavicular lymph nodes

35
Q

what structure connects the two thyroid lobes

A

The thyroid isthmus

36
Q

what does normocephalic mean

A

The head is the normal size

37
Q

what should you do if you find a bump on the patient’s head but they didn’t fall?

A

Use COLDSPA to find out more info

38
Q

What are some side effects of hypothyroidism?

A

Weight gain, tired, everything slows down, sunken-in eyes

39
Q

what are some side effects of hyperthyroidism?

A

Weight loss, fidgety, everything speeds up, buldging of the eyes

40
Q

What is a sinus headache?

A

A headache that may occur in one area of the face or long eye – brow ridge and below the cheekbone

41
Q

What is a cluster headache?

A

A headache localized in the eye and orbit, and radiating to the facial and temporal regions

42
Q

When do cluster headaches usually occur?

A

Typically in the late evening or night

43
Q

what is a tension headache

A

a headache usually located in the frontal, temporal, or occipital region

44
Q

How long can a tension headache last?

A

Days, months or years

45
Q

What is a migraine headache?

A

A headache located around eyes, temples, cheeks or forehead, and may affect only one side of the face 

46
Q

how long can a migraine headache last?

A

After three days

47
Q

when do tumor-related headaches usually occur?

A

In the morning, and usually lasts for several hours

48
Q

how many bones does the cranium made of?

A

Eight

49
Q

what are the cranium bones

A

frontal, parietal (2), temporal (2), occipital , ethmoid and sphenoid

50
Q

How many face bones are there?

A

14

51
Q

what are the face bones?

A

Maxilla, zygomatic, inferior conchae, nasal, lacrimal, palatine, vomer, mandible

52
Q

What is the trachea made out of?

A

cricoid cartilage and thyroid cartilage

53
Q

what do the trapezius muscles do?

A

Extend the head and move the shoulders

54
Q

What is Cushing syndrome?

A

Fatty deposits around the head and neck, usually due to steroid drugs, or overproduction of cortisol overtime

55
Q

what is meningitis

A

inflammation of the brain or spinal cord

56
Q

what can symptoms of dizziness, lightheadedness, spinning, and blurred sensation indicate

A

Possible stroke

57
Q

what is the Headache Impact Test for?

A

 Determines how the headache impacts daily life activities of the patient

58
Q

What should be the first questions when collecting subjective data about the head and neck?

A

Pain and difficulty breathing

59
Q

What bone can you see with the naked eye that is part of the cervical vertebrae?

A

The vertebral prominence of C7

60
Q

what is the first vertebrae called?

A

Atlas (C1)

61
Q

what is the second vertebrae called?

A

Axis (C2)

62
Q

what two strands does the sternocleidomastoid consist of?

A

Sternal head and clavicular head

63
Q

what is the hyoid bone and what does it do?

A

It is the bone underneath the chin and is responsible for movement of the tongue in ability to speak

64
Q

What are the main vertebrae that hold up ahead?

A

C1 and C2

65
Q

How do you test for enlarged thyroid cartilage?

A

Have the patient swallow

Health Assessment NUR302 (12/22) (5 decks)

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