ASLP 3030 Exam 3 Flashcards
Measuring Speech and Speech Perception
Describe Bottom-Up Processing
Describe Top-Down Processing
What is the cycle-to-cycle variability in vocal fold amplitude called?
Shimmer
What is the difference between a jitter and a shimmer?
What is Diadochokinetic Rate and what does it test for?
The rate at which a speaker can alternate simple syllables /pa/, /ta/, /ka/
-Used by SLPs to assess, diagnose, and treat patients with a variety of conditions
What is S/Z Ratio and what does it test for?
A comparison of how long someone can say the phoneme /s/ and /z/, because /z/ requires glottal vibration, so if the ratio isn’t 1 to 1 it can imply a laryngeal pathology.
What is MPT and what does it test for?
Maximum Phonation Time; it’s a test of how long you can sustain a vowel sound and tests for vocal health
- Less than 10 sec. : indicates a disorder
- Between 20-30 sec : normal rate
What is Voiced Onset Time and what does it test for?
Finds the time difference between voiced and voiceless stop consonants (voiceless is usually longer).
How is sound produced and how does it travel from a speaker’s mouth to a listener’s ear? (i.e. sound propagation)
Explain the decibel scale (explain why the scale was developed and the three different steps we can express the range of human hearing with manageable numbers and why)
What is segmentation?
The process of breaking down a continuous stream of speech into segments so they can be recognized as words.
What are the three main suprasegmentals of speech?
Intonation, Duration and Stress
How does a speaker modify acoustic properties to produce intonation?
By modifying their F0 to signal linguistic aspects of speech, also known as pitch contour.
How does a speaker modify acoustic properties to produce stress?
Varying the frequency, duration and intensity of a syllable to highlight that particular phoneme/word. Stressed syllable has a higher F0, higher intensity and longer duration than unstressed syllables.
How does a speaker modify acoustic properties to change duration?
Duration is the length of a segment of an utterance; it varies with the stress of a syllable/word, certain phonemes will also naturally vary in phonation, such as stops being shorter than fricatives and voiced consonants being longer than voiceless consonants.
