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ASLP 3025 > ASLP 3010 Exam 3 > Flashcards

ASLP 3010 Exam 3 Flashcards

Research, Family Centered, Culture and Diversity, AAC, SOAP Notes

1
Q

Basic Research

A

Seeks to generalize topics and find more information, focusing on basic processes and attempting to explain why things happen.

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2
Q

Applied Research

A

Studies individual or specific cases without the objective to generalize, focuses on any variable that makes the desired difference, how things can be changed.

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3
Q

Single-Case Clinical Experimental Designs

A

What Clinicians do everyday
- Identify treatment goals and targets during assessment
- Gather assessment data
- Apply treatment procedures
- Evaluate performance change
- Decide when treatment can be terminated

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4
Q

What did the IDEA mandate in 2004 regarding Family Centered Practice?

A

That families/caregivers must be involved in developing IFSPs and IEPs, as well as a statement of family needs and resources that we use to design our intervention.

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5
Q

What is the Patient Bill of Rights?

A

Ensures adequate and timely family notification, as well as family input and/or attendance at all case conferences.

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6
Q

What is ASHA?

A

American Speech-Language Hearing Association
- The professional, scientific and credentialing association for communication disorders for professionals around the world
- Provides standards for earning the clinical credentials in their field

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7
Q

What is ASHA’s vision?

A

Making effective communication, a human right, accessible and available for all

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8
Q

What is AAA?

A

American Academy of Audiology
- World’s largest professional organization for Audiologists
- Dedicated to providing quality hearing care through professional development, education, research and increased public awareness for hearing and balance disorders

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9
Q

What is involved in The Principle of Safeguarding Client Welfare?

A
  • Nondiscrimination
  • Referral
  • Informed consent: always letting clients know before you do something and getting permission
  • Confidentiality
  • Prognosis and cures: don’t promise things you can’t guarantee
  • Infection control: keeping a sanitized workplace, includes personal and patient health
  • Beneficence vs. maleficence: Doing your best to benefit the client vs. “going through the motions”
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10
Q

What is involved in The Principle of Competence?

A

Effective diagnostic procedures, accurate prognosis, and appropriate therapy strategies for a particular disorder, as well as ongoing monitoring of progress and outcomes.

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11
Q

What are some issues that may influence Ethical Competence?

A

Competition, Service Eligibility, Discharge (when they’re ready or if they’re not making progress), Resources, Managed Care, Scope of Practice for paraprofessionals (SLPA’s)

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12
Q

What is involved in The Principle of Acting without a Conflict of Interest?

A

Occurs when an audiologist or SLP accept personal or financial gifts from clients or manufacturers that compromise professional judgment because strings and/or expectations are attached (self-referral and self-dealing).

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13
Q

What is involved in The Principle of Acting without Misrepresentation?

A

Misrepresentation: type of dishonesty that occurs when truth is distorted or falsified; exaggerated description of treatment programs, exaggerated description of personal levels of training, experience and expertise.

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14
Q

What is involved in Ethical Practice within Professional Supervision and Instruction?

A

SLPs and Audiologists who supervise others should model ethical behavior and monitor the ethical compliance of the persons they supervise.

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15
Q

What is involved in Ethical Behavior within Professional Relationships?

A

Maintain professional relationships with communication specialists and personnel with other professions (not being romantic, or besties, or inappropriate with clients).

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16
Q

What is Evidence-Based Practice?

A

Integrating research evidence, clinical expertise/expert opinion, and client/patient values and preference into the process of making clinical decisions.

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17
Q

What is external evidence?

A

Published research from a 3rd party

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18
Q

What are the two types of internal evidence?

A

Client based: research found from client themself, client preferences/characteristics
Clinician based: clinician preferences, professional competencies, values

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19
Q

What is a public policy?

A

Any action taken by local, state or federal officials to address a problem.

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20
Q

What is an IEP and what does it consist of?

A

Individualized Education Plan; a plan for school-age children receiving/needing services. Takes into consideration the child’s present level of academic success, and consists of measurable goals, accommodations, transition plan for after they turn 16 and periodic reporting on child’s progress. Family is involved in this process.

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21
Q

What is an IFSP and what does it consist of?

A

Individualized Family Service Plan; a plan for infants and toddlers. Takes into consideration present developmental level of the infant and family info. Consists of major outcomes expected, specific intervention services, environment where services will take place, projected start date, ID of service coordinator, transition info.

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22
Q

What is the No Child Left Behind Act?

A
23
Q

What is The Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA)?

A

Required the creation of national standard for protecting sensitive patient information from being disclosed without their consent or knowledge.

24
Q

What is the Newborn and Infant Hearing Screening and Intervention Act?

A

Authorized monetary grants to states to provide early hearing detection and intervention programs
Two primary provisions, including:
(1) expansion of newborn hearing loss program
(2) building an adequate supply of personnel to meet needs of children with hearing loss

25
Q

What is the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of
2001?

A

Holds schools accountable for providing a “high-quality” education, and accounts for ALL students, including English Language Learners (ELL), SPED kids, and kids of low socioeconomic status.

26
Q

What is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act?

A

Provides assessment and intervention at the individual level to improve outcomes for students with disabilities.
Four major parts:
▫ Part A: definitions and provisions
▫ Part B: school-age services (IEP)
▫ Part C: infant and toddler services (IFSP)
▫ Part D: support for research and dissemination of information

27
Q

What is the Americans with Disabilities Act?

A

Ensures that Americans with Disabilities can participate fully in society, have access to economic self-sufficiency, and live independently

28
Q

What is Medicare?

A

Medical care for those of 65 years or older, or those with a qualifying disability.

29
Q

What is Medicaid?

A

Was created by congress to pay medical bills for persons of low socioeconomic status who have no other financial means to pay for medical care.

30
Q

True or False: Any circumstance that affects one family member affects other
members.

A

True

31
Q

True or False: The clinician should not collaborate with family members to obtain assessment information and in developing intervention goals.

A

False; the clinician MUST collaborate with the family members

32
Q

True or False: The family must be accepted as being the experts concerning
their family member.

A

True

33
Q

True or False: The clinician has a right to establish the family’s priorities

A

False: The family has a right to establish its own priorities

34
Q

True or False: The family must be acknowledged as having the right to form their own approach to raising their child or caring for an older family member, as long as health and safety are not an issue.

A

True

35
Q

True or False: The clinician must acknowledge any personal bias regarding preconceived notions of expected role behavior in approaching a family and must place these notions aside in order to assess function of the specific family and client.

A

True

36
Q

True or False: In situations in which a family report appears to differ significantly from a clinician’s observation, the clinician should ignore it.

A

False; It is the clinician’s responsibility to explore the situation with the family.

37
Q

What are the five characteristics of effective communication with family?

A
  1. Clarity: Information should be provided in language that is familiar and understandable to the family.
  2. Succinctness: Information needs to be directed at the specific areas being discussed.
  3. Redundancy: Information should be provided frequently to allow family members to process, internalize, and consider it.
  4. Respect: Information should be provided in a manner that acknowledges the contribution of the family.
  5. Genuineness: The clinician must present him- or herself as sincere human being and must be perceived as such in order for necessary trust to develop among the people involved.
38
Q

What does SOAP stand for?

A

S: Subjective
O: Objective
A: Assessment
P: Plan

39
Q

What does “S” stand for and give an example?

A

S is Subjective, which is the information you collect directly from your patient while not injecting your own assessments and interpretations. Example: “The patient reported experiencing more success in one on one conversations with his coworkers.”

40
Q

What does “O” stand for and give an example?

A

O is Objective, which is measurable data collected during the therapy session. “The patient pronounced /k/ in the initial position with 70% success”

41
Q

What does “A” stand for and give an example?

A

A is Assessment, which is the clinician’s interpretation of the subjective and objective data, including diagnosis, progress, and areas of concern.

42
Q

What does “P” stand for and give an example?

A

P is Plan, which is the proposed treatment plan for the next session, including specific goals, interventions, and home practice recommendations.

43
Q

Define a culturally and linguistically diverse client.

A

An individual who comes from a home
environment where a language other than your own is spoken and whose cultural values and background may differ from yourself.

44
Q

What is bilingualism?

A

Individuals who speak more than one language.

45
Q

What is the difference between sequential and simultaneous learning?

A

Sequential is learning one language after the other, and simultaneous is knowing both languages from birth.

46
Q

What does IDEA (2004) mandate about a child’s native language?

A

That a child’s native language must be
used in all direct contact with the child

47
Q

What are the 8 testing guidelines to decrease the possibility of misdiagnosis of children who are
culturally or linguistically diverse?

A

– Be able to describe typical speech and language
development using contemporary data and theory
– Possess knowledge of dialects in the child’s home language
– Use least-biased evaluation tools to gauge speech and language skills
– Administer and interpret formal and informal evaluation tools
– Apply intervention strategies in the child’s language
– Recognize cultural factors that affect assessment and intervention
– Be able to aid parents and other professionals in
understanding the diagnosis, assessment, results, and intervention options

48
Q

What is assistive technology (AT)?

A

Any item, piece of equipment, or system used to improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities.

49
Q

What is AAC?

A

Augmentative and alternative communication; provides a means of communication for those individuals who have not acquired functional language or those who have lost language.

50
Q

What is an example of low-tech / no tech AAC?

A

Sign language, photo books

51
Q

What is an example of mid-tech AAC?

A

Speech-generating devices with fixed displays that use digitized speech

52
Q

What is an example of high-tech AAC?

A

Speech-generating devices with computer-like screens that use synthesized speech

53
Q

What is an ALD?

A

Assistive Listening Device; used in schools to amplify the teacher’s voice above background noise levels.
Contain three mechanical components: microphone, transmitter, and receiver

ASLP 3025 (7 decks)

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