Ask Module 1/18 Flashcards
What are the two types of study designs?
Experimental
Observational
what is an example of an experimental study?
RCT
what are types of observational studies?
cross sectional
cohort
case control
what do observational studies do?
they test hypothesises about association between an exposure and an outcome
Classified by what comes first
when exposure and outcome simultaneously occur what type of study is this?
Cross Sectional
when exposure comes first in a observational study what type of study is this?
cohort
when the outcome comes first in an observational study what type of study is this?
case-control
lets go over cross sectional some more….
everything is measured at one time
snapshot
look at exposure and outcome together
what types of research question are good for CROSS SECTIONAL STUDIES?
prevalance (LOOK FOR MORE)
what types of research question is good for a cohort study?
prognosis
incidence
prevalance
etiology
what type of research is good for a case control study?
rare diseases, and cause kind of??? because youre looking at people retrospectivly
what is the point of an experimental study?
test hyptotheses between exposure and outcomes
what is the difference between experimental and observational (what do experimental studies have that observational do not?)
investigator has direct control over the study conditions
investigator controls the exposure status
what is incidence?
number of NEW occurrences of something in a population over a PARTICULAR period of time
“risk of contracting the disease”
what is prevalance
the proportion of the population who have a particular condition at a point in time
conveys info on how widespread a disease is
what is ABSOLUTE risk
risk of developing the disease over a time period in a group of people
“what is my risk of breast cancer?”
what is RELATIVE RISK (RISK RATIO)
compares the absolute risk between groups of people.
“how much will my risk of breast cancer change if i change my alcohol consumption?”
if you want to determine an association between things you do a questionairre… what type of study would this be?
cross sectional
clinical question regarding accuracy of a new test to diagnosis who gets strep throat… what type of research question?
diagnostic accuracy
what type fo study would be best for determinenign effectiveness of a new therapy?
RCT
if you are trying to figure out what increases risk of a disease and you look at historical data what type of study would this be?
case control
how do forest plots work?
the diamond is the average
