Ask Module 1/18

Question 1

What are the two types of study designs?

Answer 1

Experimental

Observational

Question 2

what is an example of an experimental study?

Answer 2

RCT

Question 3

what are types of observational studies?

Answer 3

cross sectional
cohort
case control

Question 4

what do observational studies do?

Answer 4

they test hypothesises about association between an exposure and an outcome

Classified by what comes first

Question 5

when exposure and outcome simultaneously occur what type of study is this?

Answer 5

Cross Sectional

Question 6

when exposure comes first in a observational study what type of study is this?

Answer 6

cohort

Question 7

when the outcome comes first in an observational study what type of study is this?

Answer 7

case-control

Question 8

lets go over cross sectional some more….

Answer 8

everything is measured at one time
snapshot
look at exposure and outcome together

Question 9

what types of research question are good for CROSS SECTIONAL STUDIES?

Answer 9

prevalance (LOOK FOR MORE)

Question 10

what types of research question is good for a cohort study?

Answer 10

prognosis
incidence
prevalance
etiology

Question 11

what type of research is good for a case control study?

Answer 11

rare diseases, and cause kind of??? because youre looking at people retrospectivly

Question 12

what is the point of an experimental study?

Answer 12

test hyptotheses between exposure and outcomes

Question 13

what is the difference between experimental and observational (what do experimental studies have that observational do not?)

Answer 13

investigator has direct control over the study conditions

investigator controls the exposure status

Question 14

what is incidence?

Answer 14

number of NEW occurrences of something in a population over a PARTICULAR period of time

“risk of contracting the disease”

Question 15

what is prevalance

Answer 15

the proportion of the population who have a particular condition at a point in time

conveys info on how widespread a disease is

Question 16

what is ABSOLUTE risk

Answer 16

risk of developing the disease over a time period in a group of people

“what is my risk of breast cancer?”

Question 17

what is RELATIVE RISK (RISK RATIO)

Answer 17

compares the absolute risk between groups of people.

“how much will my risk of breast cancer change if i change my alcohol consumption?”

Question 18

if you want to determine an association between things you do a questionairre… what type of study would this be?

Answer 18

cross sectional

Question 19

clinical question regarding accuracy of a new test to diagnosis who gets strep throat… what type of research question?

Answer 19

diagnostic accuracy

Question 20

what type fo study would be best for determinenign effectiveness of a new therapy?

Answer 20

RCT

Question 21

if you are trying to figure out what increases risk of a disease and you look at historical data what type of study would this be?

Answer 21

case control

Question 22

how do forest plots work?

Answer 22

the diamond is the average