ASEAN & The Third Indochina War Flashcards
Apr 1975
Reunification of Vietnam under communist North Vietnam rule
Pol Pot’s Khmer Rouge triumphs; rules Cambodia as communist state
3 Nov 1978
Vietnam-USSR Treaty of Friendship
Grants USSR use of naval bases in Cam Rahn
25 Dec 1978
Vietnam invasion of Cambodia; desire to form ‘special relations’ with Laos and Cambodia to form Indochinese Communist Federation
12 Jan 1979
ASEAN calls on UNSC to take immediate steps to end conflict; joint statements condemning invasion and affirming right of self-determination
Unified response
17 Feb 1979 – 16 Mar 1979
Sino-Vietnamese War - large scale, short military offensive into Vietnam by China in response - ‘to teach them a lesson’
14 Nov 1979
Passing of ASEAN draft resolution 34/22 at the UNGA (91-2)
Diplomatic isolation of Vietnam
Denial of PRK Cambodia’s UN Seat
Mobilisation of Diplomatic Support via UN
March 1980
Kuantan Principle (rejected)
Suharto and Hussein met at Kuantan and released a joint statement proposing that Vietnam distance itself from its patron the Soviet Union, and withdraw from Cambodia. In exchange, ASEAN would recognise a Vietnamese sphere of interest in Cambodia.
Jul 1981
UN International Conference on Kampuchea
International condemnation on Vietnam, showing how ASEAN efforts to pull on international pressure worked
June 1982
The establishment of the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea (CGDK). ASEAN backed this Coalition Government.
A significant achievement for the resistance groups, which had quarreled bitterly throughout the negotiations that led to unity.
7–12 March 1983
New Delhi Non-Aligned Summit
Proposal at the New Delhi Non-Aligned Summit to hold discussions between ASEAN, Laos and Vietnam. Politically, this would have allowed ASEAN to continue denying recognition to the PRK while bringing Vietnam to the negotiation table.
China, however, wanted Cambodia to be included and lobbied for Thailand and the Philippines to reject it. Once again, without a consensus, the proposal was not adopted.
Feb 1984
Indonesia establishes bilateral channels with Vietnam
1985
Vietnam Doi Moi reforms; declares withdrawal of military forces from Cambodia in 1990
Gorbachev’s New Thinking - reduced commitment in the Third World (aid to VNM) and reconciliation of relations with US and China
Vietnam
July 1987
Indonesia and VNM announce proposal to diplomatically change conflict to a ‘civil war’
1988
Thailand ‘Battlefields to Marketplaces’ Policy
July 1988
Jakarta Informal Meeting I
Wanted the withdrawal of Vietnamese forces, peacekeeping by the UN
