AS1: Approaches to system development 2 Flashcards

Question

What is an incremental backup

Answer 1

Backup up all of the changes to data since last back up of any kind Fastest as it has least amount of changes to back up

Answer 2

``` Floods Fire Natural Disaster Terrorism / riots Accidents ```

Answer 3

Its a plank that contains the following 1: Identifying the disaster that could happen 2: Assumption being much in writing the plan i.e. certain staff , back accessible 3: Scope of the plan - identify the areas that are essential for operation 4: Policies / Plan i.e. what we actually going to do so that infrastructure shop etc. Identify the scope to be able to operate and do their scope 5: Identify staff members for carrying out the plan, for example Network manager is responsible to sources computers, getting the backup and putting into system. Office manager responsible for finding an alternative location for staff and new hardware. 6: Revision + Testing plan - Test run, identifying problems and work around them

Answer 4

It is named space in memory RAM Which can store values That a programme needs while running e.g. score, lives etc.

Answer 5

String: Text including uppercase, lowercase, digits, punctuation etc. Integer : Phone numbers e.g.. 1,9 4278 etc. Float : Numbers including decimal places e.g. 3.14159, 14.0 Boolean: true/false Character :Stores a single Unicode character e.g. 1, 2

Answer 6

It is a set of rules/steps designed to solve a problem. The two types are 1: Flow charts 2: Pseudo code

Answer 7

Syntax is the rules/description of a language | Any syntax errors will cause the programme not to run

Answer 8

Order things coming i.e. most algorithms must follow their sequence in particular order

Answer 9

This is where a programme decides - selects which piece of code to run depending on a condition

Answer 10

Iteration - To repeat, do again In coding, iteration means to repeat the same piece of code until a condition is met or the correct number of iterations is complete

Answer 11

Loop over same piece of code Variable is used as part of a test condition Need a counter variable

Answer 12

Variable is used as part of a test condition While that condition is true, the code will repeat Repeat steps when condition becomes false. Condition could be tested at start or end of the repeated code.

Answer 13

Layout the steps of the algorithm Links the steps together in a particular order Including decisions which can result in different directions (selection) Arrows may loop back to do an earlier part of the chart iteration

Answer 14

Code design but in more natural language Key terms area in upper case e.g. IF, WHILE, VARIABLE etc. SELECTION and ITERATION should always be ended

Answer 15

An object is an element/component within a programme Objects contain attributes (properties) -Values that are associated with the objects e.g. form class, name Objects have methods, methods are action that the object can perform e.g. exam grades, select a class Method - updating stock, reorder

Answer 16

A class is a design, template or blueprint that described the object. Define all attributes that the object will have and Define all of the actions that the object can perform as method

Answer 17

``` A method is a section of code within a class Each method defines an ability of that class i.e. method is a function defined within the class. A class method only has access to data within the class ```

Answer 18

``` A new class can be derived from an existing class (parent class) Child class will take on all of the attributes and abilities of the parent class Further child classes can then derived from this now class to form more specialised versions of objects. Child classes will have some differences from parent class. e.g. - Child class can have additional methods Child may have same ability but done in a different way ```

Answer 19

Classes and methods created for one object oriented application can be reused in other programs and applications. In addition objects can be extended to include other behaviours and attributes. Re-use enables faster development and lowers the overall cost. • Encapsulation means that once an object is created, it can be used without knowledge of how it is implemented or coded. In addition, objects can hide aspects of themselves from programmers which means that certain parts of the code cannot be altered. • Due to the modular nature of OOP, designers go through an extensive planning phase. This means better designs with fewer flaws and less time spent on program maintenance. • The OO approach can also improve software quality. Firstly, a class can be tested in isolation, away from the application in which it is intended to be used. Secondly, with the use of inheritance, the testing of a derived class can assume the base class is correct and can focus on the additional attributes and behaviours.

Answer 20

``` Object oriented programming has some drawbacks which include: • Concepts including inheritance and encapsulation can be difficult to understand in the first instance meaning that there is a steep learning curve. This means that programmers must learn extensive class libraries before even beginning to program simple applications. • Object oriented programs can incur run time cost due to dynamic dispatching. This is where the process selects which particular version of a method to call (polymorphism) ```

Answer 21

``` Integrated Development Environment -Code editor -Area where programming code is typed -Auto completion tools Outlining - Programmer can collapse areas of code eg a function definition - Line numbering -Syntax assistance - Coloured lines to show syntax errors GUI Tool box - Allows interface components to be easily coloured to application e.g. form, add button, drop down etc... ```

Answer 22

Solution Explorer = Allows programmer to navigate through solution folders, access different parts e.g. Database Forms Code etc Debugging Tools = Line breaks …. allows code to pause so that variables and other elements can be inspected Error Messages = Description of syntax errors Where they can be found (line number)

Answer 23

Compile All other code is translated into machine code stored as a new file Thus machine code be run at any time Interpreter All of code is translated line by line Each line is run immediately We must reinterpret every time we want to run this code