AS PE Movement Analysis

Question 0

What action takes place at the knee during the execution phase of kicking a football?

Answer 0

Extension (flexion to extension)

Question 1

What terms describe movement of a body part (a) towards the midline of the body and (b) away from the midline of the body

Answer 1

(a) Adduction

(b) Abduction

Question 2

A student is performing the downwards phase of a press up, what joint action is occurring at the shoulder?

Answer 2

Horizontal extension

horizontal abduction

Question 3

What action takes place at the ankle during the take-off phase of the long jump?

Answer 3

Plantar flexion

Question 4

What muscle group is responsible for extension at the knee when kicking a football?

Answer 4

Quadriceps (rectus femoris)

Question 5

The pectoralis major and a……. d………. are responsible for horizontal flexion at the shoulder

Answer 5

Anterior deltoid

Question 6

Which muscles are responsible for extension at the hip when driving jumping in a basketball set shot?

Answer 6

Gluteuals

Hamstrings

Question 7

In preparation for jumping for a header in football, the hip and knee go through flexion and ankle goes through dorsi flexion. What type of contraction is occurring at these joints?

Answer 7

Eccentric muscle contraction (Lowing the body so the muscle lengthens)

Question 8

When running, which muscle causes flexion at the hip for the recovery leg?

Answer 8

Quadriceps

Iliopsoas

Question 9

What is another name for the agonist, the muscle which is responsible for producing a movement?

Answer 9

Prime mover

Question 10

What muscle contraction occurs during the upwards phase of a press up?

Answer 10

Isotonic concentric

Question 11

What are the three components of a lever?

Answer 11

Fulcrum (the joint), resistance (mass to be lifted), effort (muscle used to lift the resistance)

Question 12

What rhyme can be used to remember the central component of each class of lever?

Answer 12

1, 2, 3 - F, R, E

1st - fulcrum, 2nd - resistance, 3 - effort

Question 13

During the take off phase of the long jump, what type of lever system is in action at the ankle?

Answer 13

2nd class (resistance in the centre)

Question 14

When a rugby player throws the ball in from the sideline, what lever system is in action at the elbow?

Answer 14

1st class lever (fulcrum in the centre)

Question 15

For your AS exam what sporting actions must you be familiar with at the shoulder and elbow joints?

Answer 15

Push ups
Over arm throwing
Forehand racket shots

Question 16

For your AS exam what sporting actions must you be familiar with at the elbow, hip and knee joints?

Answer 16

Running
Kicking
Squats
Jumping

Question 17

If a performer holds their squat position for 5 seconds, what type of muscle contraction is taking place?

Answer 17

Isometric

The muscle is under tension but does not change in length

Question 18

A tennis player brings their arm forwards to strike the ball with their racket. What joint action occurs at the shoulder as they bring their arm through to hit the ball?

Answer 18

Horizontal flexion

Horizontal adduction

Question 19

What is the mechanical advantage of a second class lever?

Answer 19

A large weight / resistance can be lifted

Question 20

What is the mechanical advantage of first and third class levers?

Answer 20

They can apply speed to an object

They have a large range of movement

Question 21

When would a third class lever be used in the body?

Answer 21

All joint actions except;
Extension at the elbow
Plantar flexion at the ankle

Question 22

When preparing to jump a player lowers their body weight in an eccentric contraction. Which muscles are responsible for flexion at the hip and knee?

Answer 22

Hip - gluteals and hamstrings

Knee - quadriceps

Question 23

When lowering the body in a press up an eccentric muscle contraction occurs. Which muscles are responsible for flexion at the elbow and horizontal extension at the shoulder?

Answer 23

Elbow - triceps

Shoulder - anterior deltoid and pectoral is major

Question 24

When running a performer will raise their recovery leg causing flexion at the hip and knee and dorsi flexion at the ankle. Which muscles are responsible for these actions?

Answer 24

Hip - rectus Femoris / quadriceps (hip flexors)
Knee - hamstrings
Ankle - tibial is anterior

Question 25

When preparing to throw over arm the performer brings their arm back wards, what joint action at the shoulder is occurring?

Answer 25

Horizontal extension

Question 26

What joint action operates at the shoulder when releasing a ball in an over arm throw?

Answer 26

Horizontal flexion

Question 27

When throwing a performer will use horizontal extension, which muscles are responsible for this joint action?

Answer 27

Posterior deltoid and latissimus dorsi

Question 28

Which joint action operates at the ankle in the upwards phase of a squat?

Answer 28

Plantar flexion

Question 29

Which bones articulate at the shoulder joint?

Answer 29

Scapula

Humerus

Question 30

Which bones articulate at the elbow joint?

Answer 30

Humerus
Radius
Ulna

Question 31

Which bones articulate at the hip joint?

Answer 31

Pelvis (acetabulum - socket)

Femur

Question 32

Which bones articulate at the knee joint?

Answer 32

Femur

Tibia

Question 33

Which bones articulate at the ankle joint?

Answer 33

Tibia
Fibula
Talus

Question 34

What is the mechanical disadvantage of a 2nd class lever system?

Answer 34

Decreased range of movement at the joint

Decreased speed of movement

Question 35

What is the mechanical disadvantage of 1st and 3rd class lever systems?

Answer 35

They cannot move very large weights / heavy resistance

Question 36

When a performer lowers themselves down in the downwards phase of a jump, what joint action is occurring at the ankle joint?

Answer 36

Dorsi-Flexion

An angle less than 90 degrees at the ankle is Dorsi-Flexion.
An angle 90 degrees or greater is Plantar-Flexion