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ARTP > ARTP 09 > Flashcards

ARTP 09 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of resp failure

A

Hypoxemic resp failure (type 1)

Hypercapnic resp failure (Type 2)

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2
Q

What is the primary problem of type 1?

A

inadequate oxygen

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3
Q

What is the primary problem of type 2?

A

ventilatory failure of the lungs resulting in elevated CO2 levels

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4
Q

Initial FiO2 setting

A

100%

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5
Q

PEEP initial setting

A

Typically starts at +5cmH2O

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6
Q

Initial TV settting

A

6-8mL/kg IBW

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7
Q

Alveolar Ventilation formula

A

(VT-VD) RR = VA

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8
Q

Normal/limit values for PF ratio

A

350-450 <200

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9
Q

Normal/limit values for VD/VT

A

25-40% >60%

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10
Q

Normal/limit values for A-a gradient

A

25-65 >350

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11
Q

Normal/limit values for minute ventilation

A

5-6 >10

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12
Q

Which two diseases can handle the unwanted cardio side effects of PPV?

A

staticus asthmaticus because of increased RAW and ARDS because of decreased lung compliance

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13
Q

How does PPV cause barotrauma/pneumo?

A

Caused from PIP >50cmH20 or PEEP >20cmH2O

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14
Q

How does PPV cause fluid retention?

A

PPV will increase the MIP which will effect the heart, releasing ADH. Leading to pulmonary edema
Prevent by restricting fluids

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15
Q

What is the most common Human error ?

A

Rt main stem intubation

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16
Q

Prolonged vent support will result in what?

A

atrophy of the muscles.

Prevent by minimizing sedatives and switch to a mode that encourages spontaneous breathing

17
Q

Failure to provide adequate vent support will do what?

A

results in muscle fatigue due to increase of WOB

18
Q

Normal ICP range

A

5-15

19
Q

How do you treat an increased ICP?

A

deliberate hyperventilation to keep the PaCO2 between 30-35mmHg***

20
Q

PaCO2 acts as a what naturally in the body?

A

CO2 will vasodilate

21
Q

Hypovolemia/hypotension is caused by what?

A

VT over 8ml/kg

Treat by increasing expiratory time/fluid, correct VT range of 6-8ml/kg/vasoconstrictors

22
Q

three clinical goals of CMV***

A

provide mechanical power to maintain physiologic ventilation
improve ventilation/oxygenation
decrease WOB

23
Q

Assessment of what two things allows you to find out if problem is acute or chronic?

A

HCO3 and pH

24
Q

In acute, every +10 of PCO2 will do what to the pH?

A

pH will drop 0.08. Drops 0.03 in chronic

25
Q

4 indications for CMV

A

Apnea
Acute Vent failure (<7.2/>55 CO2
Impending failure
O2 failure (PaO2 <60mmHg)

26
Q

Impending failure criteria

A

Multiple ABGs with RR >35 and not slowing, and max minute vent is 10Lpm for a long time

27
Q

4 S/S of O2 toxicity

A

nausea,cough,irritation of trachea,substernal chest pain

28
Q

Preventing O2 toxicity

A

FiO2 of 50% or less to achieve PaO2 of 60 or more

ARTP (13 decks)

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