Artifacts

Question 1

commonly occurring artifacts

Answer 1

reverberation
acoustic shadowing
acoustic enhancement
edge shadowing
side lobe artifact
mirror image artifact

Question 2

a structure in an image which does not directly correlate with actual tissue being scanned

Answer 2

ultrasound artifacts

Question 3

any part of an image that does not accurately represent the anatomic structures present within the subject being evaluated

Answer 3

ultrasound artifacts

Question 4

this is the production of spurious (false) echoes due to repeated reflections between two interfaces with a high acoustic impedance mismatch

Answer 4

reverberation

Question 5

are form of reverberation artifact that appear as a dense tapering V-
shaped trail of echoes beyond strong
reflectors

Answer 5

comet tail artifact

Question 6

are reverberation echoes similar to comet tail except that the bright artifact echoes are displayed in a much longer stream

the continuous echoes is seen deep to a strong reflector

Answer 6

ring down artifacts

Question 7

to help eliminate reverberation artifact, it may be useful to:

Answer 7

increase the amount of gel used

use a stand off pad

reduce gain

move the position of the transducer

Question 8

this area appears as an area of low amplitude echoes (hypoechoic or anechoic) behind an area of strongly attenuating tissue

Answer 8

acoustic shadowing

Question 9

shadows from calcium and bone are usually are ____ ____ (clean)

Answer 9

shadows from calcium and bone are usually are ECHO FREE (clean)

Question 10

shadows from gas are often partially filled with ____________ (dirty)

Answer 10

shadows from gas are often partially filled with REVERBERATIONS (dirty)

Question 11

this appears as a localized area of increased echo amplitude behind an area of low attenuation

Answer 11

acoustic enhancement

Question 12

on a scan it will appear as an area of increased brightness, and can commonly seen distal to the fluid filled structures such as the urinary bladder, the gallbladder or cyst

Answer 12

acoustic enhancement

Question 13

a combination of refraction and reflection occurring at the edges of rounded structures and when the speed of sound is different from that surrounding tissue, it will result in an edge shadowing artifact

Answer 13

edge shadowing

Question 14

this artifacts is caused by low energy “side lobes” of the main ultrasound beam

when an echo
from such side lobe beam becomes strong enough and returns to the receiver, it is ‘assigned’ to the main beam and displayed at a false location

Answer 14

side lobe artifact

Question 15

this artifacts are usually seen in hypoechoic or echo-free structures and appear as bright and rounded line

Answer 15

side lobe artifact

Question 16

these artifacts result in a mirror image of a structure occurring in an ultrasound display

they arise due to specular reflection of the beam at a large smooth interface.

Answer 16

mirror image artifact

Question 17

structures displayed twice, with one being a mirror of the other

Answer 17

mirror image artifact

Question 18

areas on the image showing no internal echoes, appearing black or dark on the image

Answer 18

anechoic or sonolucent

Question 19

areas on the image with more reflected echoes appearing brighter than surrounding tissue

Answer 19

echogenic or hyperechoic

Question 20

areas on the image with fewer reflected echoes appearing darker than the surrounding tissue

Answer 20

hypoechoic

Question 21

area on the image showing a level of reflected echoes similar to that of surrounding tissue

Answer 21

isoechoic

Question 22

the arrangement of reflected echoes as dots on the image is referred to as _________

Answer 22

the arrangement of reflected echoes as dots on the image is referred to as TEXTURES

Question 23

organ parenchyma is uniform in echogenicity

Answer 23

homogenous

Question 24

organ parenchyma is not uniform in echogenicity

Answer 24

inhomogenous or heterogenous