Articles

Question 1

Lyon & Frohard-Dourlant: What is the paper trying to explain?

Answer 1

• Why Canadian same-sex couples choose not to get married

- How Canadian same-sex couples view marriage

Question 2

Lyon & Frohard-Dourlant: What groups are being compared or being studied?

Answer 2

22 same-sex couples in Toronto

Question 3

Lyon & Frohard-Dourlant: What were the key findings?

Answer 3

• Marriage is framed as an ultimate form of commitment
• Couples chose not to marry either due to personal preference or due to marriage equality debates
• Couples had contradictory feelings towards marriage
• People talked more emotionally about getting married, but talked more politically about not getting married

Question 4

Marriage is viewed as a form of commitment (Lyon & Frohard-Dourlant findings)

Answer 4

• Married couples seen as more legitimate than common-law
• Felt like marriage would increase social support and acceptance
• Serious lifelong commitment
• Implies monogamy and children

Question 5

Why couples chose not to marry (Lyon & Frohard-Dourlant findings)

Answer 5

• individual differences: Some feel like marriage isn’t a big deal -> feel indifferent
• Some are ideologically opposed to marriage and its heterosexist underpinnings

Question 6

Breton: What is the paper trying to explain?

Answer 6

• interpersonal relationships of immigrants and whether they take place in different directions (ie. Spread out over multiple communities)
• To what extent does the ethnic community determine direction of interpersonal integration?

Question 7

Breton: What groups are being compared or being studied?

Answer 7

230 male immigrants in Montreal

Question 8

Breton: What were the key findings?

Answer 8

• Stronger ties to ethnic community than native community, but these ties weaken and strengthen respectively over time
• Ethnic communities with high institutional completeness have much greater proportion of people strongly tied to ethnic group (majority of relations are with people in ethnic group)
• Religious associations have greatest effect in keeping immigrant’s personal associations within the boundaries of the ethnic community, then publications (welfare organizations have least effect)
• Differences exist in the development of ethnic institutions between people who immigrated individually and those who were part of a larger wave of immigrations

Question 9

What is institutional completeness? (Breton findings)

Answer 9

• containing various organizations (religious, educational, political, recreational, etc.) for its community members to use
• high institutional completeness = when ethnic community can perform all services its members need (ie. members don’t need to use any native institutions)

Question 10

Social organizations that influence interpersonal relationships (Breton findings)

Answer 10

• Community of his ethnicity
• The native/receiving community
• Other ethnic communities

Question 11

Li: What is the paper trying to explain?

Answer 11

The current approaches toward immigrant integration

Question 12

Li: What were the key findings?

Answer 12

• Current integration standards not very inclusive – often measures how much immigrants conform to Canadian norms
• Immigrants’ tendencies to maintain differences (ie. Language, ethnic neighbourhoods) are perceived as negative and opposing integration

Question 13

Li: What is being compared/studied?

Answer 13

The discourse of integration in Canada

Question 14

Li: What suggestions did the researcher make based on the findings?

Answer 14

• Integration should be a 2-way street: rather than measuring how well immigrants compare to current Canadians, it should also measure how well Canada performs towards newcomers
• Canada needs to make changes in order to give newcomers the right to be different and challenge the status quo rather than forcing them to conform and confine to it