Arthropathies Flashcards
What allele is associated with ankylosing spondylitis
HLA-B27
What are the extra-articular manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis
OAAA -
- Osteoporosis
- Acute iritis/anterior uveitis
- Aortic valve incompetence
- Apical pulmonary fibrosis
What triad of symptoms is associated with reactive arthritis
Post-infectious arthritis
Non-gonococcal urethritis
Conjunctivitis
What is the most common cause of reactive arthritis
Chlamydia species esp. C trachomatis
Causes of monoarthritis
Septic arthritis
Gout/pseudogout
Osteoarthritis
Trauma
Causes of oligoarthritis
Psoriatic arthritis Reactive arthritis Gout/pseudogout Osetoarthritis Ankylosing spondylitis
Causes of symmetrical polyarthritis
RA
Osteoarthritis
Viruses - Hep A, B, C, mumps
Causes of asymmetrical polyarthritis
Psoriatic arthritis
Reactive arthritis
Lesion at the root of L2 causes
Weakness in hip flexion and adduction
Lesion at the root of L3 causes
Weakness of knee extension and hip adduction
Lesion at the root of L4 causes
Weakness of foot inversion and dorsiflexion
Lesion at the root of L5 causes
Weakness of great toe dorsiflexion
Lesion at the root of S1 causes
Weakness of foot eversion
Organisms involved in septic arthritis
Staph - (commonest), Gonococcus (commonest in young sexually active), Streps, Gram -ve bacilli
Genetic association of RA
HLA-DR4/DR1
What is Felty’s Syndrome
Combination of RA, splenomegaly and neutropenia
Side effects of sulfasalazine
Hepatotoxic, Stephen Johnson Syndrome, Decreased sperm count
Side effects of hydroxychloroquine
Retinopathy, Seizures
Side effects of methotrexate
Hepatotoxic, pulmonary fibrosis
What crystals are in gout
Monosodium urate crystals
What is seen under polarised light microscopy in gout
Negatively birefringent needle-shaped crystals
Why crystals are in pseudogout
Calcium pyrophosphate crystals
What is seen under polarised light microscopy in pseudogout
Positively birefringent rhomboid-shaped crystals
