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Anatomy 2 Exam > Arthrology of the shoulder complex > Flashcards

Arthrology of the shoulder complex Flashcards

1
Q

What are the joints of the shoulder girdle? (5)

A

Acromioclavicular
Glenohumeral joint
Sternoclavicular joint
Subactomial space
Scapulothoracic joint

*all synovial except for Psudo scapulothoracic joint

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2
Q

What are the two main ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint

A
  1. Anterior and posterior sternoclavicular ligament
  2. costoclavicular ligament
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3
Q

What is the attachment of the costoclavicular ligament

A

From the superior part of the cartilage of the first rib to the undersurface of the clavicle

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4
Q

What is the function of the costoclavicular ligament

A

Prevents elevation of the clavicle , stabilizes the acromioclavicular joint

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5
Q

Attachments of the sternoclavicular ligament

A

From lateral sternum to proximal clavicle

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6
Q

Function of the sternoclavicular joint

A

provides protection and stability to the sternoclavicular joint

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7
Q

What are the attachments for the acromioclavicular ligament

A

From the superior acromial head to the end of the clavicle

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8
Q

What is the function of the acromioclavicular ligament

A

stabalization of the AC joint

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9
Q

Function of the coricoclavicular ligament

A

stabalizes AC joint by limiting medial displacement, protraction, and elevation

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10
Q

What is the attachments of the trapizoid ligament?

A

From the coracoid process to the trapizoid line of the clavicle

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11
Q

What is the attachments of the corinoid ligament?

A

From the coracoid process to the corinoid tubricle of the clavicle

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12
Q

What are the ligaments of the glenohumeral joint? (3)

A
  1. Superior glenohumeral (SGHL)
  2. Middle glenohumeral (MGHL)
  3. Inferior glenohumerlaal (IGHL)
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13
Q

What are the attachments of the SGHL,MGHL,IGHL?

A

From the upper part of the medial margin of the glenoid cavity to the lesser tubercle & antomical neck of the humerus

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14
Q

What is the function of the SGHL,MGHL,IGHL?

A

stabilize GH articulation

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15
Q

What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint

A

Saddle

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16
Q

The clavicle is ___ superior to inferior

A

Convex

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17
Q

The manubrium is ____ superior to inferior

A

Concave

18
Q

The clavicle is ____ anterior to posterior

A

Concave

19
Q

The manubrium is _____ anterior to posterior

A

Convex

20
Q

The clavicle is ___ while the acromion is ___

A

Clavicle: convex , acromion : concave

21
Q

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint

A

plane/gliding joint: can glide and rotate

22
Q

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint

A

Ball and socket

23
Q

What is the most common pathology associated with the acromioclavicular joint

A

Joint sprain /separated shoulder:
“fall on the tip of the shoulder” acromion
progressive disruption of the coricoclavicular ligaments (trapizoid/conoid)

Graded by displacement: grades 1-3 non surgical , 4-6 require surgery

24
Q

What is the most common pathology associated with the sternoclavicular joint

A

SC joint dislocation (A/P)
very rare more common for a SC joint fracture
occurs with direct trama or blow to the clavicle on out stretched hands

25
Q

What type of SC joint dislocation has a higher risk of injury (critical structures?

A

Posterior

26
Q

What is the most common pathology/ injury associated with the Glenohumeral joint

A

Subacromial impingement:
RTC tendon (m. deltooid/supraspinatus) , long head of the biceps tendon or subacromial bursa may get repeatedly compressed

Causes: RTC dysfunction
scapular positioning
shape of acromion
GH joint mobility deficit or hypermobility

27
Q

Restraints to GH ER at 0 ,45 and 90 deg. of abduction

A

0: Subscapularis SGHL
45: SGHL, MGHL
90: anterior band of IGHL

28
Q

Restraints to GH IR at 0 ,45 and 90 deg. of abduction

A

0: posterior band of IGHLC
45: anterior and posterior band of IGHLC
90: anterior and posterior band of IGHL

29
Q

Restraints to GH inferior translation at 0 ,snd 90 deg. of abduction

A

0: SGHL and coricohumeral lig.

90: IGHLC

30
Q

What are the static stabilizers of the GH joint

A

Labrum, joint capsule , ligaments

31
Q

What are the dynamic stabilizers of the GH joint

A

rotator cuff muscles + others

32
Q

What is the attachments for the Acromioclavicular joint?

A

from superior aspect of distal clavicle to adjacent acromion

33
Q

What is the function of the Acromioclavicular joint?

A

Stabilizes the AC joint

34
Q

What is the function of the coracoacromial joint

A

Prevents superior displacement of the humeral head by forming the coracoacromial arch

35
Q

What is the attachments of the coracoacromial joint

A

from lateral border of coracoid process to acromion adjacent to clavicular articulation

36
Q

What ligaments are disrupted in a AC joint sprain and describe mechanism of injury

A

Acromioclavicular lig. and trapezoid and conoid

fall on the tip of the shoulder

Grades 1-3 can be treated non-surgically

37
Q

What is unique about the scapulothoracic joint?

A

it s a fake joint “psudo joint”

38
Q

What are the motions of the scapulothoracic joint

A

Elevation /depression
protraction retraction
3 rotations:
1. upward /downward rotation
2. ER/IR
3. Ant/post. tilt

39
Q

What are the three goals with scapulothoracic rhythm

A
  1. allows for greater overall shoulder ROM
  2. Maintains optimal contact between the humeral head and glenoid fossa (seal)
  3. optimal length tension relationship of GH muscles
40
Q

Bilateral shoulder motion requires ____ to ___ deg. of thoracic extension

Unilateral shoulder motion requires ___ to ___ of thoracic rotation

A

10-30 deg. for both

41
Q

static stabilizers of the shoulder , joint capsule , ligaments

A

Glenoid labrum : deepens socket 50-75 %

42
Q

What are the muscles of the rotator cuff

A

Supraspinatus
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Long head of biceps

B-(L) ITT

Anatomy 2 Exam (4 decks)

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