Arthrology of the knee and hip Flashcards
What are the attachments of the sacrotuberous lig.
PSIS + Lateral Sacrum to ischial tuberosity
What are the attachments of the sacrospinous lig.
From lat. sacrum to Ischial spine
Iliofemoral lig. Attachments
Anterior inferior illiac spine to the intertrochanteric line of the femur
Function of the iliofemoral ligament
limits extension IR, ER of the femur on the acetabulum
Pubofemoral lig. attachments
From the illiopubic emenence and superior pubic ramus to fibrous capsule
Function of the pubofemoral lig.
Limits abduction of the femur
What are the attachments of the ischiofemoral lig.
from the posterior ishium to the acetabulum, greater trochanter of the femur and the illiofemoral lig.
What is the function of the ishiofemoral lig.
Assistes the illiofemoral lig. with limiting femoral extension
Ligament of the head of the femur (ligamentum teres) attachment
from the fovea of the femoral head to the acetabular notch
Transverse Acetabular lig. attachments
interconnects the margins of the acetabular notch
Fibrous joint capsule of the hip attachments
margin of acetabulum to the neck, intertrochanteric line and crest of the femur
What type of joint is the Sacroilliac joint
plane
What type of joint is the hip joint
ball and socket
What type of joint is the tibiofemoral joint
bi-condylar hinge
What type of joint is the proximal tibiofibular joint
plane gliding
What are the attachments of the fiberous capsule of the knee?
margins of the femoral condlyes to the margins of the tibial condyles
Tibial/ MedialCollateral Lig. attachments
Medial condyle of the tibia to medial condyle /shaft of femur
(deep to sartorius and pes anserinus)
Fibular (lateral) collateral lig. attachments
Lateral condyle of femur to the head of the fibula
Tibial/ MedialCollateral Lig. functions
resists valgus forces @tibiofemoral joint , stabalizing medial aspect of joint
Fibular (lateral) collateral lig. function
Resists varus forces @tibiofemoral joint and sab lat. aspect of joint
ACL : Anterior cruciate lig. attachments
Anterior medial intercondylar are of the tibia to the lateral condyle of the femur
Ant. Medial -> Post. Lat
ACL functions
Prevents ant. displacement of tibia
prevents post . dis. of femur
prevents HYPERextension and limits ROTATION of tibia on femur
PCL: Posterior Cruciate lig. attachments
from post. medial intercondylar space of the tibia to lateral side of medial condyle of the femur
Post. Medial -> Ant. lat. of medial condyle
Medial minisci attachments
medial intercondylar area of tibia + fibrous capsule at the medial collateral lig.
Lateral minisci attachments
lateral intercondylar area
Medial petellofemoral lig. attachments
50 % of medial patella to the medial epicondyle of the femur
Medial petellofemoral function
Prevents lat. displacement of the patella
Crural interosseous membrane attachments of tibia and fibula
from interosseous border of the tibia to the interosseous border of the fibula
What is the only lig. that doesn’t attach to the tibia
Lat. collateral lig. : attaches to the fibula
In addition to the ACL, what is also injured during a hyperextension injury?
Post. ligaments of the knee
Which Femoral condyle is larger and what movement does it cause the tibia to do at terminal extension of the knee?
Medial femoral condyle is larger: causes tibia to ER which creates bony congruency and ligamentous tension
Which menisci is larger and is in a C shape and attaches to a collateral lig.
Medial meniscus attaches to MCL + semimembranous
Why might resisted knee flexion be a contraindication after a MCL/ medial menisci tear?
Because the medial meniscus attaches to the MCL and hamstring semimembranousus muscle at the posterior horn
Where is BF the greatest in the menisci?
BF is the greatest in the peripheral (outside) the menisci, less on the inside
Compression at the knee is increased by what 2 things?
- Quad muscle force/activation
- Deg. of knee flexion
What are some anatomical factors that predispose ind. to patellar instability?
- Medial patella femoral lig. reticular deficiency
- Shallow trochlear groove (Trochlear dysplasia)
- Flat patella
- Petella alta (high petalla)
