arthrology of the hip

Question 1

fully classify the hip joint

Answer 1

synovial, simple, multi-axial, ball and socket

Question 2

what are some common features of synovial joints?

Answer 2

-articular hyaline cartilage
- fibrous capsule
- ligaments
-synovial membranes
- intra-articular structures
-nerve and blood supply

Question 3

what are the functions of the joint capsule?

Answer 3

• limits excessive movement of the joint
• contains and protects structures of the joints
• synovial membrane produces synovial fluid

Question 4

what are the 3 main ligaments of the hip joint?

Answer 4

ischiofemoral, iliofemoral, pubofemoral

Question 5

describe the shape of the pubofemoral ligament

Answer 5

narrow, strong

Question 6

where are the attachments of the pubofemoral ligament?

Answer 6

between iliopubic eminence and lower part of intertrochanteric line

Question 7

what movements does the pubofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 7

limits extension, lateral rotation and abduction

Question 8

describe the shape of the iliofemoral ligament

Answer 8

thick, very strong, triangle / Y-shaped

Question 9

what are the attachments of the iliofemoral ligament?

Answer 9

from ASIS to rim of acetabulum and intertrochanteric line of femur

Question 10

what movements does the iliofemoral ligament limit?

Answer 10

limits extension, lateral rotation, adduction and abduction

Question 11

describe the location and attachments of the ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 11

-located on posterior hip surface
- runs between body of ischium, superior part of neck of femur and the root of the greater trochanter

Question 12

describe the fibres of the ischiofemoral ligament

Answer 12

they twist as they pass from anterior to posterior

Question 13

what movements does the ischiofemoral ligament limit

Answer 13

-strongly resists medial rotation
-also limits extension and adduction

Question 14

what are the 4 main intra-articular structures of the hip?

Answer 14

-acetabular labrum
-acetabular fat pad
- ligamentum teres
-transverse acetabular ligament

Question 15

describe the location and function of the acetabular labrum

Answer 15

-attaches to the outer surface of the acetabulum and transverse ligament
- deepens the socket of the hip, cups the head of femur in the socket to prevent dislocation

Question 16

describe the location and role of the ligamentum teres

Answer 16

-attaches the fovea capitis on femoral head to the acetabulum notch
-provides resistance to most movements, particularly in childhood
- role in blood supply to the femoral head

Question 17

what is the role of the transverse acetabular ligament

Answer 17

completes the hip socket

Question 18

what is the close pack position of the hip joint

Answer 18

in a position of extension with slight lateral rotation and abduction

Question 19

in what plane/axis do extension and flexion of the hip occur

Answer 19

sagittal plane, frontal axis

Question 20

in what plane/axis do abduction and adduction occur

Answer 20

frontal plane and sagittal axis

Question 21

in what plane/axis do internal and external rotation occur

Answer 21

transverse plane, vertical axis