Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CORE: MSK > Arthritis > Flashcards

Arthritis Flashcards

1
Q

Categories of arthritis

A

degenerative, inflammatory, crystal deposition, hematologic, metabolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

OA hallmarks

A

asymmetric joints space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis, osteophytosis, subchondral cysts, lack of periarticular osteopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

? extensive subchondral cystic changes

A

consider CPPD as well as OA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

distribution of OA hand

A

DIP, PIP, 1st CMC (commonly 2nd DIP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Heberden vs Bouchard nodule?

A

soft tissue swelling around H - DIP; B - PIP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Best view for joint space narrowing shoulder?

A

Grashey view, oblique posterior in external rotation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

distribution OA foot?

A

MTP, hallux rigidus with dorsal osteophytes; dorsal beaking of talonavicular joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

OA knee?

A

tricompartmental joint space narrowing (mostly medial compartment), osteophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

OA hip?

A

superolateral migration of hip, less so medial migration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

RA hip space narrowing?

A

axial migration –> protrusio deformity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Kummel disease?

A

gas from vertebral body compression fracture (osteonecrosis), different from vacuum phenomenon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

DISH diagnosis

A

4 vertebral levels of anterior bridging osteophytes; exuberant osteophytosis; associated with ossification of PLL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

OA of SI joint?

A

inferior portion of SI joint (synovial joint); superior part is syndesmotic joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Erosive OA hands?

A

same as OA (DIP, CMC thumb, PIP); characteristic gull wing appearance of DIP joint (central erosion, marginal osteophytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

RA overview

A

RF+; antibody directed against IgG which targets synovium and causes symmetric joint pain, swelling, morning stiffness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

RA involvement

A

hands/wrist first, feet; advanced cases cervical spine, knees, shoulders, hips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Hallmark of RA

A

marginal erosions, soft tissue swelling, diffuse/symmetric joint space narrowing, periarticular osteopniea, joint subluxations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

RA hands?

A

MCP, PIP, carpal articulations; DIP SPARED!

typically radial aspect of 2nd/3rd MCP, ulnar styloid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Boutonnier, Swan neck deformity?

A

Boutonniere: PIP flex, DIP hyperextension

Swan: PIP hyperextension, DIP flex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Late stage RA?

A

anklysosis/fibroosseous joint fusion of wrist

JIA can also cause carpal ankylosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

RA feet?

A

MTP of forefoot and talocalcaneonavicular joint in midfoot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

RA hip?

A

protruso deformity; 3 mm male, 6mm female medial deviation of femoral beyond ischial line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

RA knee?

A

all three joints + superimposed OA possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

RA spine?

A

cervical spine; no bone production but C1-C2 subluxation, osteopenia, erosions of odontoid, facets, vertebral endplates, spinous processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

RA shoulder

A

high riding shoulder; chronic rotator cuff tears; erosions on lateral aspect of humeral heads

penciling of distal clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Seronegative spondylopathy

A

HLA-B27 +
PAIR
psoriatic, ankylosing spondylitis, inflamatory bowl disease associated arthropathy, reactive arthritis/Reiters arthropathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Hallmark of spondyloarthropathies

A

sacroilitis of the inferior SI joint

  • Symmetric: IBD, Ankylosing
  • Assymetric: Psoratic, reactive

Unilateral sacroilitis can also be caused by septic arthritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Types of IBD associated sacroilitis

A

UC, Crohn, Whipple, status post gastric bypass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

AS associations

A

young men with HLA B27, pulmonary fibrosis (upper lobe predominant), aortitis, cardiac conduction defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

ankspond early findings, late

A

SI joint: symmetric erosions, widening, sclerosis

Lumbar to cervical

Romanus leisons: erosions of vertebral body endplates (enthesitis) inflammation of ligaments at attachment of annulus fibrosus
Shiny corners: clerosis of romanus lesions
Squaring of vertebral disc margins
Delicate syndesmophytes which then bridge to form bamboo spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Andersson lesion

A

pseudoarthrosis in completely ankylosed spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Psoriatic arthritis classic location

A

HANDS HANDS HANDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Psoriatic arthritis presentation

A

hand involvement, hx of skin psoriasis; normal mineralization; asymmetric SI joint involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Hallmark psoriatic arthritis

A

sausage digit soft tissue swelling
pencil in cup erosions at the DIP

telescoping digits or main en lorgnette (opera glass hand) deformity

fluffy periostitis and ill defined erosions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

psoriatic arthritis in the foot

A

great toe IP/MTP joints; “ivory phalanx” with otosclerosis

plantar calcaneal spur with periosteal reaction

36
Q

psoriatic arthritis in spine

A

coarse bony bridging sometimes indistinguishable from reactive arthropathy

37
Q

Reactive arthropathy common location

A

FEET FEET FEET

calcaneus; posterior-superior aspect of calcaneus with erosions (bursitis) and achilles tendinitis

38
Q

Hallmarks of reactive arthropathy

A

soft tissue swelling, joint space loss, aggressive marginal erosions, juxta-articular osteopenia

39
Q

reactive arhtropathy in the hands

A

interphalangeal joints and MTP with erosions and diaphyseal periostitis

40
Q

SLE joints

A

subluxations of MCP/PIP, reducible

41
Q

Jaccoud arthropathy

A

secondary to rheumatic fever?

type III ypersensitivity

42
Q

Scleroderma affects first?

A

fingertips –> atrophy of distal soft tissue

acroosteolysis

43
Q

Ddx for acroosteolysis

A

collagen vascular diseases like scleroderma, neuropathy, polyvinyl chloride exposure, thermal injury, hyperparathyroidism, Hajdu-Cheney

44
Q

polymyositis/dermatomyositis hallamrks

A

soft tissue calcifications,

45
Q

calcium hydroxyapatitie deposition disease (HADD)

A

calcific tendinitis of periarticular tissues; NOT IN JOINT!

46
Q

most common location HADD

A

shoulder, supraspinatus tendon

also seen in longus colli

Milwaukee shoulder– intraarticular variant

47
Q

CPDD

A

intraarticular deposition of CPPD crystals which are positively birefringemnt

48
Q

Manifestations of CPPD

A

pseudogout, pseudoosteoarthritis, pseudorehumatoid, pseudoneurpathic

49
Q

Age of CPPD, associations

A

> 50, hemochromatosis/hyperparathyroidism, hypophosphatasi

50
Q

Hallmarks CPPD

A

chondrocalcinosis (calcification of hyaline/meniscal cartilage)

51
Q

Locations for CPPD in the wrist

A

trangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) –> SLAC

SLAC is also seen in RA or trauma

52
Q

CPPD in knee

A

patellofemoral compartment isolated is highly suspicious with prominent subchondral cristals

53
Q

CPPD hand

A

2nd and 3rd MCP with hooklike or drooping osteophytes from radial aspect of metacarpal heads

similar to hemochromatosis

54
Q

Gout cause

A

sodium urate deposition in joints

excess uric acid (renal isufficiency)

55
Q

Birifringency of gout

A

negative

56
Q

Common locations/presentation

A

Great toe

overhanging margins, soft tissue gouty tophy; joint space preserved

57
Q

Cause of hemochromatosis arthropathy

A

deposition of iron and CPPD crystals in joints

58
Q

Hemochromatosis presentation

A

bronze pigmentation, diabetes, cirrhosis, CHF, arthropathy; autosomal recess

59
Q

Location for hemochromatosis arthropathy

A

MCP joints with hook like osteophytes at metacarpal heads; involves all MCPs unlike CPPD which is usually 2nd/3rd MCP heads

60
Q

Acromegaly presentation

A

beak like osteophytes of carpal heads; spade like enlargement of tufts

early: widening of joint spaces
later: secondary OA with space narrowing

61
Q

Causes of amyloid arthropathy

A

primary: monoclonal plasma cell dyscrasia; infiltration by beta pleated sheets of amino acids
secondary: chronic inflammation/infection
other: beta 2 microglobulin accomulation on chronic HD

62
Q

What is the shoulder pad sign?

A

bulky soft tissue noduels in shoulder superimposed on atrophic shoulder muscles ; characteristic of amyloidosis

63
Q

Alkaptonuria –> ochronosis

A

intervertebral disc calcifications with disc narrowing

alkaptonuria: defective homogentistic acid oxidase; black urine when oxidized

64
Q

Multicentric reticulohistiocytosis

A

lipid laden macrophages deposited in soft tissue/periarticular tendons –> soft tissue nodules, erosions, sclerotic margins

65
Q

Distribution multicentric reticulohistiocytosis

A

DIP symmetrically; soft tissue nodules; preserved bone; can cause arthritis mutilans

66
Q

Types of hemophilic arthropathy

A

A: factor VIII

B/Christmas dx: factor IX

67
Q

Hallmark hemophilic arthropathy

A

hemarthrosis –> synovial hypertrophy/hyperemia –> epiphyseal enlargement/fusion

nees, elbows, ankles
enlarged radial head/widened trochlear notch
squaring of patella and widened intercondylar notch

68
Q

hemophilic arthropathy can look like?

A

JIA

69
Q

still disease

A

variant of JIA; systemic disorder in kids <5; acute febrile illness, rash, adenopathy, pericarditis, mild arthralgias

70
Q

hallmarks of JIA

A

abnormal bone length (hyperemia), epiphyseal enlargement/ballooning of ends of bones; premature skeletal maturation/physeal fusion; brachydactyly

71
Q

Ddx for cervical spine ankylosis

A

Klippel Feil and JIA

72
Q

Charcot joint

A

neuropathic arthropathy; fragmentation of bone/cartilage; painful swollen joint

73
Q

Causes of charcot joint

A

diabetes (ankle/foot); syringomyelia (upper extreity), alcohol abuse, amyloid, spinal tumors, syphilis/leprosy

74
Q

Forms of neuropathic arthropathy

A

hypertrophic and atrophic

75
Q

Hallmarks of hypertrophic

A

anarchy in joint: destruction, dislocation, debris, disorganizaiton, no demineralization

76
Q

Hallmarks of atrophic form

A

shoulder; resorption of humeral head/surgical like margins

77
Q

bone hallmarks of sarcoid

A

lace like lytic lesions of middle/distal phalanges; polyarthritis

78
Q

ABCDEs of arthritis

A

alignment, bone mineral density/bone creation, calcification/cartilage spaces, distribution, erosions, soft tisssue swelling

79
Q

Reducible vs nonreducible subluxations; dislocations?

A

reducible: SLE, Jaccoud
Nonreducible: rheumatoid –> dislocations

80
Q

Diffuse osteopenia arthropathy?

A

RA

81
Q

periarticular osteopenia

A

RA, early inflammatory arthritis

82
Q

osteophytes arthropathy

A

OA, CPPD, hemochromatosis

83
Q

periosteal bone formation, arthropathy?

A

psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthropathy

84
Q

bone ankylosis in wrist/cervical spine?

A

JIA

85
Q

ankylosis of DIPs

A

psoriatic arthritis

86
Q

ankylosis of wrist?

A

JIA, advanced RA

CORE: MSK (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions