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Endo, Cardio and Neuro > Arterial blood gases + acid base regulation > Flashcards

Arterial blood gases + acid base regulation Flashcards

1
Q

what is pulmonary transit time?

A

amount of time erythrocytes and plasma are in contact and able to undergo gas exchange

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2
Q

what is gas exchange time?

A

amount of time for CO2 and O2 to equilibrate

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3
Q

how do you calculate H+ concentration from pH?

A

10^-pH

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4
Q

how do you calculate pH from H+ concentration?

A

-log10(H+)

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5
Q

what is an acid?

A

any molecule with a loosely bound H+ that it can donate

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6
Q

what is the body’s acid base equilibrium?

A

H2O + CO2 = H+ + HCO3-

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7
Q

what is the body’s method for rapid compensation of pH imbalances?

A

respiratory - ventilation changes

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8
Q

what is the body’s method for slow compensation of pH?

A

metabolic - HCO3- or H+ retention/secretion changes in the kidney

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9
Q

what is an acidosis?

A

low pH in the body

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10
Q

what are the steps for interpreting an ABG?

A

type of pH imbalance
aetiology of imbalance
any compensation
oxygenation

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11
Q

what are the pH ranges for the body?

A

high - >7.45
normal - 7.35-7.45
low - <7.35

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12
Q

what are the CO2 ranges of the body?

A

low <4.7kPa
normal 4.7-6.4 kPa
high >6.4kPa

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13
Q

what are the body ranges for base excess?

A

low 2

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14
Q

what are the normal oxygen ranges?

A

hypoxemia <10kPa
normal 10-13.5kPa
hyperoxemia >13.5kPa

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15
Q

how do you know if an ABG is mixed or partially compensated?

A

mixed - PCO2 and BE going in OPPOSITE directions

partially compensated - PCO2 and BE going in SAME direction

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16
Q

how do you know if an ABG is fully compensated?

A

pH normal range but other deranged values

17
Q

what are the ABG results for fully compensated respiratory alk/met acid?

A

low PCO2 and low BE

18
Q

what are the ABG results for fully compensated respiratory acid/metabolic alk?

A

high PCO2 and high BE

Endo, Cardio and Neuro (22 decks)

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