Artere Flashcards

1
Q

Categorii de severitate ischemia acuta

A

I. Viabilitate
Simpt minima cu puls, functie si sensiv pastrate

II.A Amenintare marginala
durere redusa, puls imperceptibil
II.B Amenintare imediata
durere de rapaus, parestezie, slabiciune musc, fara puls

III.Ischemie ireversibila
Paralizie, parestezie, absenta puls, necroze , necesita amputatie

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2
Q

Arteriopatii cronice functionale

A
  1. Sindrom Raynaud
    Primar, Secundar
  2. Compresie neuro-vasc extrinseca:
    -coasta cervicala, compresiune scalenica, tubercul Lisfranc, excresc coasta 1
    -hiperplazie m pectoral mic, subclavic, calus vicios, pseudoartroza de clavicula

2.1 Sindromul de Coasta Cervicala (c7)
manevra:brat lateral si inspir

2.2 Sidrom Costo Clavicular
manevra Falconer: umerii inapoi si in jos
manevra Call si Roth: brate ridicate, onspir si rotatie cap

2.3 Sindrom Interscalenic
manevra adson-coffey: brat lipit de corp, inspir, rotatie cap

2.4 Sindrom de Hiperabductie
(M pectoral mic hipertrof)
manevra Wright: decubit la 45, atebrat deasupra capului

  1. Acrocianoza
    (Venoconstrictie-> arteriolo constrictie)
  2. Eritromelalgia
    Roseata, temp, durere mb pelvin in special
    Vasodil arteriolara
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3
Q

Anevrism artrial factori protectori

A
  • sex feminin
  • rasa africana
  • diabet zaharat
  • exercitiu fizic
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4
Q

Clasificare DeBakey anevrism disecant

A

Tip 1: aorta ascendenta + descendenta
Tip 2: aorta ascendenta
Tip 3: aorta descendenta

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5
Q

Tratament anevrism

A

Anevrism toracic
- chirurgical:risc de ruptura
- conservator: asimptomatic

Anevrism disecant aorta toracica
- ascendent: chirurgical
- descendent: conservator

Anevrism abd
- chirurgical sau endovascular
Simptomatice sau complicate

Anevrism arterio-venos

Anevrism Cirsoid (Angiom Cavernos)

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6
Q

Arterite inflamatorii

A
  1. Takayashu
    Boala fara puls, femei tinere, stenoza crosei aortice+ramuri
    in forme extinse ao abd+ramuri
  2. Arterita cu Celule Gigante
    HORTON/ arterita temporala
    -femei peste 50 ani, scandinave
    -aorta si ramuri extracraniale
  3. Boala Behcet
    -barbati, japonia, mediterana
    -ulceratii orale, genitale, inflamatie oculare
    -ao abd, femurala, pulmonara
    Trat nu stopeaza boala
  4. Poliarterita Nodoasa
    -artere medii si mici
    -barbati
    -insuficiente renale, gastro int, nevrite, perforatii, ischemii.
  5. Boala Kawasaki
    (Sindromul muco cutanat limfonodular)
    -baieti sub 2 ani
    -autolimitata cu remisie in 12 zile
    -artere medii, coronare
  6. BUERGER (trombangeita obliteranta)
    -barbati tineri, evrei, fumatori
    -artere mijlocii si mici + vene (flebita migratorie)
    - ACTIUNEA TROMBOZANTA A NICOTINEI
    - artere filiforme IN PLOAIE, cu colaterale IN MATURA
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7
Q

Forme etiologice arteriopatia cronica obstructiva

A
  1. Post traumatice(bune)
  2. Infectioase(grave)
    RPA, gripa, riketioze,tifos
  3. Autoimune
    Burger, takayashu, horton
  4. Metabolice
    -aterosclerotica
    -diabetica
    -gutoasa
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8
Q

Forme topografice arteriopatia cronica obstructiva

A
  1. MB SUPERIOARE
    -rare, ev blanda
    -Takayashu
    -sd. MARTORELL(trunchiuri supra aortice)

2.MB PELVINE
-sd Leriche (la bifurcatia aortei abdominale)=>deschidere anastomoze naturale
-Femuro-Poplitee
-sd de loja tibiala anterioara

  1. VISCERALE
    -Carotide si vertebrale
    -Trunchi celiac
    -Mezenterica superioara si inferioara
    -Renale
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9
Q

Tratament chirurgical arteriopatie cronica obstructiva

A

Stadiile 3 si 4, trei tipuri

  1. FUNCTIONALE (combatere spasm, crestere debit)
    -clasic sau miniminvaziv
    simpatectomie, suprarenalectomie, splahnicectomie
  2. RECONSTRUCTIVE
    -restabilire flux
    Rezectii artere cu grefa
    Trombendarterectomie
    Bypass anatomice si neanatomice
    Angioplastie si stentare

3.AMPUTATIE (de necesitate)
-in stadiu de gangrena
Necrectomii, dezarticulatii degete, gamba, coapsa, neurotomii antalgice

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