Art: Section 2

Question 1

In the United States in particular, landscape paintings of the West were harnessed to what 19th century cultural belief that American settlers were divinely predestined to take possession of the North American continent?

Answer 1

Manifest Destiny

Question 2

Who are the artists of “Land Mark (Foot Prints)” (2002)?

Answer 2

Allora and Calzadilla (the names used by Jennifer Allora and Guillermo Calzadilla for their artistic partnership)

Question 3

Where was Jennifer Allora born and where did she at receive her education?

Answer 3

born in Philadelphia (1974)
and went to:
1) University of Richmond
2) Massachusetts Insititute of Technology
3) and the Independent Study Program at New York’s Whitney American Art Museum

Question 4

Where was Guillermo Calzadilla born and where did he receive an education?

Answer 4

born in Havana, Cuba and went to:
1) the Escuela de Artes Plasticas y Diseno de Puerto Rico
2) Skowhegan School of Painting and Sculpture
3) Bard College

Question 5

Where did Jennifer Allora and Guillermo Calzadilla meet?

Answer 5

studying abroad in Florence in 1995

Question 6

“Land Mark (Foot Prints)” is part of an extended series of artworks that Allora and Calzadilla have created about land use on what Puerto Rican island?

Answer 6

Vieques, Puerto Rico

Question 7

During the Second World War, what did the US use Vieques, Puerto Rico for?

Answer 7

a location to store and test weapons
- residents of the island disrupted and environmentally harmed by military occupation

Question 8

The residents of Vieques, Puerto Rico began organizing a civil disobedience campaign that began in the 1970s, and were led by members of what organization?

Answer 8

Vieques Fisherman’s Association

Question 9

How did Allora and Calzadilla join civil disobedience groups in Vieques, Puerto Rico?

Answer 9

they trespassed onto the bombing range on Vieques, and created unique footprints on the custom soles of shoes for protesters to wear

Question 10

How did Allora and Calzadilla’s “Land Mark (Foot Prints)” differ from Alma Thomas’s work in terms of their art’s relation to the Apollo 11 space mission?

Answer 10

instead of celebrating the US space program like Alma Thomas, Allora and Calzadilla intended to note that the space mission was another version of expansive colonial activities of the US

Question 11

Although the footprints of Allora and Calzadilla’s “Land Mark (Foot Prints” couldn’t last, how did they capture their art?

Answer 11

displayed their artwork in two sets of twelve printed photographs

Question 12

The photograph of “Land Mark (Foot Prints)” is from which of the two sets of photographs captured of the original art work by Allora and Calzadilla?

Answer 12

it is from the second set

Question 13

What year did the US military leave Vieques, Puerto Rico entirely?

Answer 13

2003

Question 14

What was the name of the additional six-minute video performance art piece that Allora and Calzadilla made in 2005 about Vieques, Puerto Rico?

Answer 14

“Under Discussion”

Question 15

What was depicted in Allora and Calzadilla’s “Under Discussion” video?

Answer 15

a fisherman driving an upside-down table with a motor attached to the back around the island

Question 16

Who was the artist of “The Fourth World” (2012)?

Answer 16

Kent Monkman

Question 17

Where was Kent Monkman born?

Answer 17

born in 1965 in St. Mary’s, Ontario, Canada

Question 18

Kent Monkman identifies with which indigenous community?

Answer 18

identifies as a Cree artist and member of the Fisher River Cree Nation

Question 19

What two well-known artistic traditions are cited in Kent Monkman’s “Fourth World”?

Answer 19

1) 19th century American Romantic landscape painting
2) 20th century site-specific sculpture

Question 20

Which German-born artist painted “Cho-looke, the Yosemite Fall” and inspired Kent Monkman’s depiction of Yosemite Falls in his “Fourth World” painting?

Answer 20

Albert Bierstadt

Question 21

What is the name of the famed waterfall depicted in Kent Monkman’s “Fourth World”?

Answer 21

Yosemite Falls

Question 22

The resource guide says that “Fourth World” depicts contemporary men “__________ _________”, which is to say, performing their own appropriation of Indigenous cultural practice for personal enjoyment.

Answer 22

“playing Indian”

Question 23

The copper-colored walls in Kent Monkman’s “Fourth World” is a copy of what artwork by the American artist Richard Serra?

Answer 23

“Clara-Clara” (1983)

Question 24

Who was the artist that is mentioned to have worked alongside the Land art movement to establish site-specificity as a key element of his outdoor sculpture?

Answer 24

Richard Serra

Question 25

What do the copper-colored walls present in Richard Serra’s “Clara-Clara” and Kent Monkman’s “Fourth World” invoke and allude to?

Answer 25

an impending slaughter (Native Americans used to direct bison through narrow cliffs and natural land formations to direct them to slaughter)
- alludes to the mass killing of bison that took place across the 19th century to the point that the animals were on the brink of extinction (these animals were also vital for the livelihoods of Native Americans, whom settlers were indirectly trying to drive out)

Question 26

What does the concept of the “Fourth World” refer to?

Answer 26

cultures that are without their won sovereignty because they are forced to exist within another political nation

Question 27

Who was the artist of “Battle for the Woodlands” (2014-15)?

Answer 27

Bonnie Devine

Question 28

Where was Bonnie Devine born?

Answer 28

Toronto, Ontario, Canada in 1952

Question 29

Bonnie Devine is a member of what Native American community?

Answer 29

Serpent River First Nation of Northern Ontario (Anishinaabe/Ojibwa)

Question 30

Where did Bonnie Devine study art and earn a Master of Fine Arts (MFA)?

Answer 30

studied art: Ontario College of Art and Design University (OCAD)
earned MFA: York University

Question 31

What was the name of the art work that Bonnie Devine produced by stitching together hundreds of pages of paper from her Master of Fine Arts thesis to form a 16-foot canoe?

Answer 31

“Canoe” (2003)

Question 32

What was the name of the larger multi-media installation/body of work that included Bonnie Devine’s “Canoe”?

Answer 32

“Stories from the Shield”

Question 33

Where did Bonnie Devine create “Battle of the Woodlands” to be displayed?

Answer 33

the Art Gallery of Ontario

Question 34

Bonnie Devine’s “Battle of the Woodlands” includes a 19th century colonial map of what region?

Answer 34

the border region between Upper Canada, Lower Canada, and the US

Question 35

Bonnie Devine depicts the entire aquatic system of the five Great Lakes as what five animals painted in red oxide?

Answer 35

buffalo, otter, turtle, rabbit, leviathan

Question 36

Who is the photographer of “Church Rock Spill Evaporation Ponds” (2019)?

Answer 36

Will Wilson

Question 37

Where did Will Wilson study photography, sculpture, and art history?

Answer 37

Oberlin College

Question 38

Where was Will Wilson awarded a Master of Fine Arts degree?

Answer 38

University of New Mexico

Question 39

At what university is Will Wilson currently a professor of art at?

Answer 39

the University of Texas at Austin