Art Education Flashcards
What are 4 disciplines of DBAE?
aesthetics. art history, art criticism, art production
Describe backward design in curriculum
Identifying results, assessment, big ideas, designing lesson
Describe performance assessment
Task where students show what they are able to do, measuring performance against students prior performance than against a standard benchmark
What is an MSDS sheet?
Material safety data sheet- contains info for potential hazards of a material and how to properly use it
What does AP or CP mean?
approved product or certified product for younger students
Describe the transition from Classical to Hellenistic Greek sculpture
Increase in emotion and realism. No longer made just for religious reasons but became tools to promote politicians. Used in public places
What is a triadic color scheme?
Color scheme based on 3 colors evenly spaced out on color wheel, one color usually dominates and the others support
What are analogous colors on color wheel?
Colors that are next to each other
What is a tetradic color scheme?
Forms a rectangle on the color wheel with corners at Two pairs of complementary colors
Name 3 complementary colors pairs
red and green, blue and orange, yellow and purple
How did a major medical event effect Chuck Close’s painting career?
Spinal artery collapse left close using modified techniques to create his large scale paintings from a wheelchair
What did Renaissance painters use to seal canvas?
Rabbit skin glue
What does the frame within a frame technique entail?
Artist uses an element such as an arch or window to frame the shot and show depth
What does the rule of odds technique entail?
When the artist uses an odd number of subjects to make the image more appealling
Describe raku pottery
Japanese low fire clay that is usually hand built rather than thrown on a wheel. Porous when fired and cooled in open air or in bin of combustible material. Fragile and decorative
Which pigment is considered toxic?
Chrome yellow because it contains lead. Darkens over time (van gogh sunflowers)
Why isn’t cadmium red hue toxic?
Pigment made to mimic cadmium red without toxicity
What is an aspect ratio and how is it written?
Proportion of an image or video, Width to height ratio, W:H
What is a maquette?
small scale rough draft of sculpture
What is an armature?
Support used inside of a sculpture
What is a crucible?
Container that holds molten metal for casting
What is majolica?
Type of earthenware glazed in white
What are Egyptian pyramids made of?
White limestone with gold at the top
Can acrylic be reworked after it is dry?
No
How does gouache dry?
Matte, quickly
How do both acrylic and gouache paints dry?
They dry darker because medium is white but dries clear
What is PPI?
Pixel per inch on digital screen
What is DPI?
Dots per inch on printed material
In photo editing, what does the emboss tool do?
Makes the image seem stamped or raised and changes the color to grey
In photo editing, what does the glowing edges tool do?
Finds the edges of the image and applies a neon glow
In photo editing, what does the extrude tool do?
Gives image 3D feel
In photo editing, what does the trace contour tool do?
Finds the edges of an image and traces them with outlines (like contour)
What tool is used in weaving to carry weft threads through warp threads?
A shuttle
How many megabytes are in 1 gigabyte?
1000
What is glassine paper used for?
Preservation and conservation, for use between artworks or prints that are dry to protect them
What is a split complementary harmony?
One main color with two colors opposite the main color on color wheel as accents
What values do many African sculptures portray?
Youthfulness, strength, health
Which movement influenced Art Deco?
Cubism (for shapes and style) Fauvism (for colors), popular decorative style in Early 1900s
How did automatism influence surrealist artists?
Helped them tap into subconscious, by creating spontaneous artwork from the mind
Why are precious metals mixed with base metals or plated with rhodium?
To strengthen the base metal and make it more durable and easier to work with
What is post and lintel construction and what is an example?
Building system where vertical element is supported by horizontal elements. Stonehenge
What is a useful technique for night photography?
Long exposure to capture light trails, stars, etc
What is lossy compression and what file type results in this?
Significantly reduced file size that can’t be retrieved again, .jpg
What is lossless compression and what file types result in this?
Files that are compressed without quality loss, .tif, .gif, .bmp, .raw, results in larger files
What is an arabesque pattern?
Pattern used in Islamic art with repeating lines and floral leaves, mimics infinity which contrasts man’s finality on earth
What is an ambrotype?
Photographic process on piece of glass
What is a tintype? What are other names for it?
Direct photographic positive on thin sheet of metal, also called melainotype or ferrotype
What is a burin?
An engraving tool used to cut into METAL and create v shaped groove. Gouge used for woodblock and linoleum
What is the binder used in watercolor paint?
Gum arabic, used as binder in other water based media
What are synonyms for screen printing?
silkscreen or serigraph printing
Which of the following gave rise to the portrayal of secular figures in Renaissance era artwork?
Humanism
What is the representationalism aesthetic theory?
The representationalism aesthetic theory states the importance of the viewer understanding and recognizing the subject of an artwork. The artist can represent the message to the viewer
What is the name for a non man made fiber? Name 4 types
Bast fiber. Jute, hemp, nettle, ramie
Why would an artist float mount an artwork?
If the piece goes all the way to the edges
What is grattage? Why was acrylic paint helpful?
surrealist technique involves laying a canvas on a textured object and scratching wet paint off which acrylic paint made easier
Which of the following drawing media was created in response to a shortage of graphite and was created in a range of neutral and sanguine tones?
Conte crayon
What were aboriginal Australian artists known for making?
petroglyphs, dot paintings, and stone arrangements, rock paintings. Dot paintings also called papunya
What is a shade?
A color made by adding black to a hue
What is an achromatic artwork?
Artwork made with white,greys, blacks, absence of color
What is a tint?
Adding white to a color to make it lighter
What is a burnisher?
Tool used for polishing
Why are hinging tissue or mounting corners used to hold artwork in place when framing?
Image will not be damaged by fluctuations in humidity and heat
What determines the depth of field in a photograph? What is depth of field?
Aperture, range where objects are in focus from foreground to background. Large depth of field (with narrow aperture) means more of the picture will be in focus.
What are video file formats?
mp4, .avi, .wmv
Who are three artists well known in land art movement?
Smithson, de Maria, Goldsworthy
Describe fat over lean principle in oil paint
The fat over lean principle in oil painting states that the layers of paint with the most fat, or oil, should be on top of the leanest, or those thinned with a medium. Causes each new layer to dry more slowly. Otherwise it will crack
What describes the biggest risk of dealing with clay dust?
Many types of clay dust can be toxic and can cause respiratory problems if inhaled. Should use a respirator when handling clay dust
What kind of printer creates the best photo print?
Inkjet
Describe atmospheric perspective
colors and values decrease as objects recede into the distance
What is tusche?
Tusche is a medium created by mixing ink with grease for creating lithographic prints. It can be made into the form of a stick for drawing or into a liquid form
What is the difference between raster and vector image? Which can you resize?
A raster image is made of pixels, and scaling it larger will cause it to look pixelated or blurry.A vector image is made up of points and lines that keep track of their positions in relation to each other. These are infinitely scalable up or down without any loss of quality
What does purl mean?
type of knitting stitch
What is a turning chain?
Chain stitch used in crochet
What is a slip stitch?
Crochet stitch to join 2 pieces
What is front post?
When crochet stitches are worked in front rather than on top of one another
How is a baren used in printmaking?
first the plate is inked and a piece of paper is placed on top of the plate. Then the baren is rubbed onto the back of the paper to transfer the ink onto the paper. The baren is usually disc-shaped and flat with a handle.
Describe the eye of the rectangle method
Used to find golden ration. First divide the rectangle into four even triangles, and then find the midpoint of these four lines. Each of these four points will be an eye of the rectangle. Many artists have positioned their subjects in this way to create visual interest.
What is liquid frisket?
Liquid frisket can be used to leave highlights on a watercolor painting without having to carefully paint around these small highlights. The artist can first paint the liquid frisket onto the white paper and let it dry. He or she can then paint the watercolor painting over the frisket and allow the watercolor to dry as well. The frisket is like a layer of dried rubber, and it can be rubbed off of the paper, revealing the white paper underneath which has been masked off from and protected from the paint
What is a soft stone used for beginning sculptors?
Soap stone
What are watercolor brushes typically made with? What are they NOT?
Watercolor paints are usually used with softer bristles, such as those from sable, squirrel, ox, or goat, kolinsky sable, synthetic. NOT hog bristle because stiff
What is oiling out?
Oiling out involves fixing the issue of the oil soaking into the canvas and giving the painting a dull appearance. To use this oiling out technique, the artist can paint a thin coat of medium over the painting to restore the sheen and colors.
What is a pigment’s lightfastness?
Lightfastness is a pigment’s chemical permanence against long exposure to light.
What is a pyrometric cone in ceramics?
Pyrometric cones are devices used when firing ceramic works within a kiln. They are used to visually gauge the heat within the kiln. These cones have a triangular base and are often used in pairs or groups of three depending on the intent of the artist. The cones are made of materials that will bend when they reach a certain temperature, indicating that the kiln has reached that temperature for firing the ceramics.
What is croquis?
Croquis is a term for a quick sketch of a live model. This is a French word that means “sketch.” In fashion design, croquis follow specific proportions
What is pochade?
Pochade is a term for a quick landscape sketch to capture the fleeting effects of light on the land, and this sketch can be used for a more finished piece later.
What is grisaille?
monochromatic oil painting often used as an underpainting.
Why did Judy Chicago’s dinner party help elevate fiber arts?
Celebrated accomplishments of women from history using embroidery and needlepoint. Elevated fiber arts from craft
What are synonyms for golden ratio?
Golden mean, fibonacci number
What is the ideal resolution for printing digital images?
300 dpi, comes out clear and not pixelated
What is the ideal resolution for publishing images online?
72 dpi- won’t appear pixelated on screen but will be blurry if printed
Describe the cultural perspective aesthetic theory
Analyzing aspects or objects from a culture and understanding them and their importance in the context of that culture
What kind of painting surface does not need to be primed before being painted?
Watercolor paper when using watercolors
How does traditional creation of porcelain challenge “made in china”?
Creation of porcelain is labor intensive and requires highly skilled artisans
Which video file format is ideal for saving and sharing?
MP4
Which video file format is ideal for sharing?
.WMV but is small and will be compressed and low quality
What is an EPS file?
Vector file required for high quality printing
What can cause oil painting to crack after it dries?
Painting on an unprimed canvas
What is a varnish in oil paint?
Mixing linseed oil with paint
What are 3 most common oil painting mediums?
Poppy, linseed, and stand oil
Describe Japanese woodblocks
Used large flat areas of color, strong black outlines, when multiple layers were used they had to be placed with precision using glue, depicted landscapes, history, geishas, everyday life
Who was a photographer that photographed immigrants coming to America?
Stieglitz
What is a similarity between minimalist and color field painting?
Large and flat areas of color with minimal brush strokes
What might be a distraction in a gallery when using technology?
Multiple screens in one gallery room
What tool is not identified on the MSDS sheet?
blade of a utility knife. Sheet mostly talks about flammable and corrosive materials
What photographic technique would result in a clear focused subject with an out of focus background?
Larger aperture
What is an accommodation for a student with bx disabilities?
working with clay in secluded area of the room (being free of distractions while working with their hands)
Describe semiotic analysis
Communicating message through signs and symbols, examining meaning of images
Describe iconography
collection of particular types of images used by artists to communicate deeper meanings in their artwork, think religious subjects
What kind of print process did Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec use?
Lithography
What is classic of Van eyck’s work?
Rendering of minute detail
What does Kente cloth depict?
Cultural concepts through geometric patterns and vibrant colors that have specific meanings for their culture
What is a histogram used for in photography?
Depicting tonal range of exposure
What is a proof in printmaking?
Test print before final of print
Describe the process of intaglio in jewelry
process of reverse carving a sunken design into the surface of a gemstone
Describe the process of cameo in jewlery
carving of a gem or shell in raised relief, the opposite of the intaglio technique
What is a fixative?
Chemical spray used to adhere to an artwork to maintain its shape or form (think charcoal)
Which medium allows sculptor to explore subtle nuances?
Clay
Which jewelry metal produces toxic fumes?
Copper
Explain the use of Incan textiles
Incas used clothing patterns to indicate
social standing and ethnic identity in a
multicultural society.
Describe Marxist analysis
art is always about society and the artist is always a part of the culture, art is never independent or absolute
